Laboratory of Functional and Molecular Imaging, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
Front Neural Circuits. 2019 Jan 7;12:114. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00114. eCollection 2018.
MRI has been extensively used in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontal-temporal dementia (FTD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MRI is important for monitoring the neurodegenerative components in other diseases such as epilepsy, stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS). Manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been used in many preclinical studies to image anatomy and cytoarchitecture, to obtain functional information in areas of the brain and to study neuronal connections. This is due to Mn ability to enter excitable cells through voltage gated calcium channels and be actively transported in an anterograde manner along axons and across synapses. The broad range of information obtained from MEMRI has led to the use of Mn in many animal models of neurodegeneration which has supplied important insight into brain degeneration in preclinical studies. Here we provide a brief review of MEMRI use in neurodegenerative diseases and in diseases with neurodegenerative components in animal studies and discuss the potential translation of MEMRI to clinical use in the future.
MRI 已广泛应用于神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）、额颞叶痴呆（FTD）、轻度认知障碍（MCI）、帕金森病（PD）、亨廷顿病（HD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）。MRI 对于监测其他疾病（如癫痫、中风和多发性硬化症（MS））中的神经退行性成分非常重要。锰增强 MRI（MEMRI）已在许多临床前研究中用于成像解剖结构和细胞结构，以获取大脑区域的功能信息，并研究神经元连接。这是由于 Mn 能够通过电压门控钙通道进入兴奋细胞，并沿着轴突和突触以顺行方式被主动运输。从 MEMRI 获得的广泛信息导致 Mn 在许多神经退行性疾病的动物模型中得到应用，这为临床前研究中的脑退化提供了重要的见解。在这里，我们简要回顾了 MEMRI 在神经退行性疾病和动物研究中具有神经退行性成分的疾病中的应用，并讨论了 MEMRI 未来在临床应用中的潜在转化。
