Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering of Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Jiangsu Alphay Bio-technology Co., Ltd./ Key Laboratory of Edible Mushroom Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Nantong, 226009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2019 Jan 21;35(2):24. doi: 10.1007/s11274-019-2597-x.
Isoforms of 14-3-3 proteins, similar to their highly conserved homologs in mammals and plants, are both transcriptionally and functionally affected by their extracellular and intracellular environments. These proteins bind to phosphorylated client proteins to modulate their functions in fungi. Since phosphorylation regulates a plethora of different physiological responses in organisms, 14-3-3 proteins play roles in multiple physiological functions, including those controlling metabolisms, cell division, and responses to environmental stimulation. These proteins could also modulate signaling pathways that transduce inputs from the environment and downstream proteins that elicit physiological responses. Increasing evidence supports a prominent role for 14-3-3 proteins in regulating development and metabolism at various levels. In this review, we first provide a brief summary of the molecular structure of 14-3-3 proteins. Second, we discuss the potential roles of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of development and metabolism. Third, we review the roles of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of their binding partners, including receptors, protein kinases, and some protein kinase substrates. Finally, this review examines recent advances that further elucidate the role of 14-3-3 proteins in signaling transduction in response to environmental stress.
14-3-3 蛋白的同种型与哺乳动物和植物中的高度保守同源物相似，其转录和功能均受到细胞外和细胞内环境的影响。这些蛋白与磷酸化的客户蛋白结合，以调节其在真菌中的功能。由于磷酸化调节生物体中大量不同的生理反应，因此 14-3-3 蛋白在多种生理功能中发挥作用，包括控制代谢、细胞分裂和对环境刺激的反应。这些蛋白还可以调节从环境输入和下游蛋白引发生理反应的信号通路。越来越多的证据表明，14-3-3 蛋白在调节发育和代谢方面具有重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要总结了 14-3-3 蛋白的分子结构。其次，我们讨论了 14-3-3 蛋白在调节发育和代谢中的潜在作用。第三，我们综述了 14-3-3 蛋白在调节其结合蛋白（包括受体、蛋白激酶和一些蛋白激酶底物）方面的作用。最后，本文综述了最近的进展，进一步阐明了 14-3-3 蛋白在应对环境胁迫时信号转导中的作用。
