Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research, Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Complement Ther Med. 2019 Feb;42:184-204. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.11.019. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
The gut dysbiosis has been implicated as a mediator to obesity and its manipulation could be an appropriate approach to sustainable weight loss. In this systematic review, our primary objective was to assess the potential manipulation of gut microbiota by herbal products in obesity.
We did a comprehensive search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases for all clinical trials and animal studies exploring the effects of various herbal products on gut microbiota composition in obesity documented up to May 2017.
Our initial search yielded 2766 articles. After screening abstracts and full texts, 68 articles were included (55 animal studies and 13 clinical trials). The studies differed in their methodologies, type of interventions and intervention lengths. The weight loss was only reported in 23% of trials and in 64% of animal studies. An increasing tendency in Bifidobacterium species and butyrate-producing bacteria such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii were observed after consuming non-digestible carbohydrates, although these changes did not always correlate with weight loss. Supplementation with high concentration of polyphenols reduced body weight gain in animal studies and inhibited growth of detrimental species such as Clostridia and Enterobacteria while the growth of Lactic acid bacteria and Akkermansia muciniphila is enriched.
Alteration of gut microbiota after interventions has been affected by the baseline composition of gut microbiota. This systematic review shows that consumption of herbal products might have beneficial effects on restoring healthy gut microbiome besides body fat reduction.
肠道菌群失调被认为是肥胖的中介因素，对其进行干预可能是实现可持续减肥的一种合适方法。在本系统评价中，我们的主要目的是评估草药产品对肥胖症肠道微生物群的潜在干预作用。
我们在 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和 Cochrane 数据库中全面检索了截至 2017 年 5 月所有探索各种草药产品对肥胖症肠道微生物群组成影响的临床试验和动物研究。
我们最初的搜索产生了 2766 篇文章。经过筛选摘要和全文，共纳入 68 篇文章（55 项动物研究和 13 项临床试验）。这些研究在方法学、干预类型和干预时间长短上存在差异。只有 23%的试验报告了体重减轻，64%的动物研究报告了体重减轻。在食用不可消化的碳水化合物后，双歧杆菌属和产丁酸细菌（如普氏粪杆菌）的数量呈上升趋势，但这些变化并不总是与体重减轻相关。高浓度多酚的补充在动物研究中降低了体重增加，并抑制了有害物种（如梭菌和肠杆菌）的生长，同时富集了乳酸菌和阿克曼氏菌。
干预后肠道微生物群的改变受到肠道微生物群基线组成的影响。本系统评价表明，除了减少体脂肪外，食用草药产品可能对恢复健康的肠道微生物群有益。
