Diesel Jose Francisco, Ortiz Mauro F, Marinotti Osvaldo, Vasconcelos Ana Tereza R, Loreto Elgion L S
Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Programa de Pós-Graduação de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Genet Mol Biol. 2019 Jan-Mar;42(1):125-131. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2017-0300. Epub 2019 Jan 21.
The mobilome, portion of the genome composed of transposable elements (TEs), of Anopheles darlingi was described together with the genome of this species. Here, this mobilome was revised using similarity and de novo search approaches. A total of 5.6% of the A. darlingi genome is derived of TEs. Class I gypsy and copia were the most abundant superfamilies, corresponding to 22.36% of the mobilome. Non-LTR elements of the R1 and Jockey superfamilies account for 11% of the TEs. Among Class II TEs, the mariner superfamily is the most abundant (16.01%). Approximately 87% of the A. darlingi mobilome consist of short, truncated and/or degenerated copies of TEs. Only three retrotransposons, two belonging to gypsy and one to copia superfamilies, are putatively active elements. Only one Class II element, belonging to the mariner superfamily, is putatively active, having 12 copies in the genome. The TE landscape of A. darlingi is formed primarily by degenerated elements and, therefore, somewhat stable. Future applications of TE-based vectors for genetic transformation of A. darlingi should take into consideration mariner and piggyBac transposons, because full length and putatively active copies of these elements are present in its genome.
疟蚊（Anopheles darlingi）的可移动基因组（由转座元件（TEs）组成的基因组部分）与其物种基因组一同被描述。在此，利用相似性和从头搜索方法对该可移动基因组进行了修订。疟蚊基因组中共有5.6%来源于转座元件。I类gypsy和copia是最丰富的超家族，占可移动基因组的22.36%。R1和Jockey超家族的非LTR元件占转座元件的11%。在II类转座元件中，水手超家族最为丰富（16.01%）。疟蚊可移动基因组中约87%由转座元件的短片段、截短片段和/或退化片段组成。只有三个逆转座子，两个属于gypsy超家族，一个属于copia超家族，被认为是活跃元件。只有一个属于水手超家族的II类元件被认为是活跃的，在基因组中有12个拷贝。疟蚊的转座元件图谱主要由退化元件构成，因此在一定程度上是稳定的。未来基于转座元件的载体在疟蚊基因转化中的应用应考虑水手转座子和piggyBac转座子，因为其基因组中存在这些元件的全长和可能活跃的拷贝。
