Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-Uganda, Entebbe, Uganda.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019 Mar;100(3):659-671. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0732.
In March 2016, an outbreak of Rift Valley fever (RVF) was identified in Kabale district, southwestern Uganda. A comprehensive outbreak investigation was initiated, including human, livestock, and mosquito vector investigations. Overall, four cases of acute, nonfatal human disease were identified, three by RVF virus (RVFV) reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and one by IgM and IgG serology. Investigations of cattle, sheep, and goat samples from homes and villages of confirmed and probable RVF cases and the Kabale central abattoir found that eight of 83 (10%) animals were positive for RVFV by IgG serology; one goat from the home of a confirmed case tested positive by RT-PCR. Whole genome sequencing from three clinical specimens was performed and phylogenetic analysis inferred the relatedness of 2016 RVFV with the 2006-2007 Kenya-2 clade, suggesting previous introduction of RVFV into southwestern Uganda. An entomological survey identified three of 298 pools (1%) of and species that were RVFV positive by RT-PCR. This was the first identification of RVFV in Uganda in 48 years and the 10 independent viral hemorrhagic fever outbreak to be confirmed in Uganda since 2010.
2016 年 3 月，在乌干达西南部的卡巴莱区发现裂谷热（RVF）爆发。启动了全面的疫情调查，包括人类、牲畜和蚊子媒介调查。总体而言，确定了四例急性、非致命的人类疾病病例，三例通过 RVF 病毒（RVFV）逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR），一例通过 IgM 和 IgG 血清学。对确诊和疑似 RVF 病例的家庭和村庄以及卡巴莱中央屠宰场的牛、羊和山羊样本进行调查，发现 83 只动物中有 8 只（10%）通过 IgG 血清学呈 RVFV 阳性；来自确诊病例家庭的一只山羊通过 RT-PCR 检测呈阳性。对三个临床标本进行了全基因组测序，系统发育分析推断 2016 年 RVFV 与 2006-2007 年肯尼亚-2 分支相关，表明 RVFV 此前已传入乌干达西南部。昆虫学调查发现 298 个 和 种蚊池中有 3 个（1%）通过 RT-PCR 检测呈 RVFV 阳性。这是乌干达 48 年来首次发现 RVFV，也是自 2010 年以来在乌干达确认的第 10 次独立的病毒性出血热疫情。
