Metzcar Caleb, Ye Xiaofei Philip, Wang Toni, Doona Christopher J
Department of Food Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Feb 6;14(3):628. doi: 10.3390/polym14030628.
To overcome the recalcitrance of para-aramid textiles against dyeing, this study demonstrated that increasing the functionalities of soybean oil applied to the surface of para-aramids followed by a nonthermal plasma (NTP) treatment improved the dyeing color strength compared with the use of soybean oil alone, and that dyeing occurred through covalent bonding. Particularly, compared with the pretreatment using soybean oil that obtained the highest color strength of 3.89 (as K/S value determined from spectral analysis of the sample reflectance in the visible range), the present pretreatments with either acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO) or a mixture of acrylic acid and soybean oil (AA/Soy) achieved K/S values higher than nine (>9.00). The NTP treatment, after the AESO or AA/Soy pretreatment, was essential in inducing the formation of a polymerized network on the surface of para-aramids that bonded the dye molecules and generating covalent bonds that anchored the polymerized network to the para-aramids, which is difficult to achieve given the high crystallinity and chemical inertness of para-aramids. As an important economic consideration, the sequential experimentation method demonstrated that a simple mixture of AA/Soy could replace the expensive AESO reagent and render a comparable performance in dyeing para-aramids. Among the auxiliary additives tested with the AESO and AA/Soy pretreatments followed by NPT treatment in this study, Polysorbate 80 as a surfactant negatively affected the dyeing, benzyl alcohol as a swelling agent had minimal effect, and NaCl as an electrolyte showed a positive effect. The dyeing method developed in this study did not compromise the strength of para-aramids.
为克服对位芳纶织物难以染色的问题，本研究表明，增加应用于对位芳纶表面的大豆油的官能团，随后进行非热等离子体（NTP）处理，与单独使用大豆油相比，可提高染色色强度，且染色通过共价键发生。特别是，与使用大豆油预处理获得的最高色强度3.89（由样品在可见光范围内反射率的光谱分析确定的K/S值）相比，目前用丙烯酸酯化环氧化大豆油（AESO）或丙烯酸与大豆油的混合物（AA/大豆）进行的预处理实现了高于9.00的K/S值。在AESO或AA/大豆预处理后进行NTP处理，对于在对位芳纶表面诱导形成结合染料分子的聚合网络以及产生将聚合网络锚定到对位芳纶上的共价键至关重要，鉴于对位芳纶的高结晶度和化学惰性，这很难实现。作为一个重要的经济考量，顺序实验方法表明，AA/大豆的简单混合物可以替代昂贵的AESO试剂，并且在对位芳纶染色方面具有可比的性能。在本研究中，用AESO和AA/大豆预处理后再进行NPT处理测试的辅助添加剂中，作为表面活性剂的聚山梨酯80对染色有负面影响，作为膨胀剂的苯甲醇影响最小，而作为电解质的氯化钠显示出积极影响。本研究开发的染色方法不会损害对位芳纶的强度。
