Kapfer M, Roulleau P, Santin M, Farrer I, Ritchie D A, Glattli D C
Service de Physique de l'Etat Condensé, IRAMIS/DSM (CNRS UMR 3680), CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
Science. 2019 Feb 22;363(6429):846-849. doi: 10.1126/science.aau3539. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
Anyons occur in two-dimensional electron systems as excitations with fractional charge in the topologically ordered states of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE). Their dynamics are of utmost importance for topological quantum phases and possible decoherence-free quantum information approaches, but observing these dynamics experimentally is challenging. Here, we report on a dynamical property of anyons: the long-predicted Josephson relation = */ for charges * = /3 and /5, where is the charge of the electron and is Planck's constant. The relation manifests itself as marked signatures in the dependence of photo-assisted shot noise (PASN) on voltage when irradiating contacts at microwaves frequency The validation of FQHE PASN models indicates a path toward realizing time-resolved anyon sources based on levitons.
任意子出现在二维电子系统中，作为分数量子霍尔效应（FQHE）拓扑有序态中具有分数电荷的激发。它们的动力学对于拓扑量子相和可能的无退相干量子信息方法至关重要，但通过实验观察这些动力学具有挑战性。在这里，我们报告任意子的一个动力学性质：对于电荷* = 1/3和1/5，长期预测的约瑟夫森关系* = */，其中是电子电荷，是普朗克常数。当以微波频率照射接触点时，该关系在光辅助散粒噪声（PASN）对电压的依赖性中表现为明显的特征。FQHE PASN模型的验证表明了一条基于轻子实现时间分辨任意子源的途径。
