Soltani Raheleh, Sharifirad Gholamreza, Mahaki Behzad, Eslami Ahmad Ali
Medicine Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qom Branch, Iran.
J Dent (Shiraz). 2018 Dec;19(4):273-279.
Dental caries is the most common chronic disease among children. Determinants of children's oral health behavior should be better understood and known.
This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors of oral health behavior among preschool children based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).
This cross-sectional study included 833 mother-child pairs referring to twenty health centers in Tabriz, North-West Iran, from August 2014 to November 2015. The participants were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires completed by the participating mothers. The questionnaire consisted of demographic characteristics, oral health behavior, and TPB structures (attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention).
The mean±standard deviation (SD) of children's age was 4.6±1.1 years (ranging 3-6), and 52% were boys. 20.3% of mothers had university degrees. The mean (SD) score of children's oral health behavior was 5.8 (±1.9) out of 8. Muliple regression analysis revealed a positive relationship between all TPB structures and children's oral health behavior F(11,821)=41.8, R=0.6, (< 0.001). Furthermore, the TPB structures explained 35% and 29% of the variance in children's oral health behavior and maternal intention towards it, respectively.
Based on the current finding, TBP is the important predictor of children's oral health behavior. Effective promotion interventions could be designed based on this predictor to help improving the children's oral hygiene behavior.
龋齿是儿童中最常见的慢性疾病。儿童口腔健康行为的决定因素应得到更好的理解和认知。
本研究旨在基于计划行为理论（TPB）调查学龄前儿童口腔健康行为的预测因素。
本横断面研究纳入了2014年8月至2015年11月期间转诊至伊朗西北部大不里士20个健康中心的833对母婴。参与者通过多阶段分层随机抽样选取。数据通过参与研究的母亲自行填写问卷收集。问卷包括人口统计学特征、口腔健康行为以及TPB结构（态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和意向）。
儿童年龄的均值±标准差（SD）为4.6±1.1岁（范围3 - 6岁），52%为男孩。20.3%的母亲拥有大学学位。儿童口腔健康行为的平均（SD）得分在8分制中为5.8（±1.9）。多元回归分析显示所有TPB结构与儿童口腔健康行为之间存在正相关关系F(11,821)=41.8，R = 0.6，（< 0.001）。此外，TPB结构分别解释了儿童口腔健康行为及其母亲意向中35%和29%的方差。
基于当前研究结果，TPB是儿童口腔健康行为的重要预测因素。可基于该预测因素设计有效的促进干预措施，以帮助改善儿童的口腔卫生行为。
