Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P. O. Box: 1416643931, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Eur J Nutr. 2020 Feb;59(1):1-17. doi: 10.1007/s00394-019-01901-0. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
Fish consumption and dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) may be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to conduct a systematic review and summarize published articles on the association between fish consumption and dietary intake of n-3 PUFAs with the risk of IBD.
PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were used to conduct a comprehensive search and identify eligible literature published prior to January 2019. Fixed-effects model or random-effects models (DerSimonian-Laird method) were applied to pool the effect sizes. Cochrane Q test was used to trace the potential source of heterogeneity across studies.
12 studies (5 prospective and 7 case-control) were included in the systematic review, which ten of them were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Studies were included a total sample size of 282610 participants which 2002 of them were cases of IBD [1061 Crohn's disease (CD) and 937 ulcerative colitis (UC)]. A negative association was found between fish consumption and the incidence of CD (pooled effect size: 0.54, 95%CI: 0.31-0.96, P = 0.03). There was no relationship between total dietary n-3 PUFAs intake and IBD (pooled effect size: 1.17, 95%CI: 0.80-1.72, P = 0.41). A significant inverse association was observed between dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the risk of UC (pooled effect size: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.57-0.98, P = 0.03). Moreover, no association was found between α-Linolenic acid (ALA) and IBD (pooled effect size: 1.17, 95%CI: 0.63-2.17, P = 0.62).
Findings showed a negative association between fish consumption and the risk of CD. Moreover, there was a significant inverse association between dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs and the risk of UC.
鱼类消费和 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的饮食摄入可能与炎症性肠病（IBD）有关。我们旨在进行系统评价，总结已发表的关于鱼类消费和 n-3 PUFAs 饮食摄入与 IBD 风险之间关联的文章。
使用 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库进行全面检索，以确定 2019 年 1 月之前发表的合格文献。应用固定效应模型或随机效应模型（DerSimonian-Laird 法）来汇总效应大小。Cochrane Q 检验用于追踪研究间潜在的异质性来源。
纳入了 12 项研究（5 项前瞻性研究和 7 项病例对照研究），其中 10 项研究符合纳入荟萃分析的条件。这些研究共纳入了 282610 名参与者的总体样本量，其中 2002 名参与者患有 IBD[1061 例克罗恩病（CD）和 937 例溃疡性结肠炎（UC）]。鱼类消费与 CD 的发生率呈负相关（汇总效应大小：0.54，95%CI：0.31-0.96，P=0.03）。总饮食 n-3 PUFAs 摄入量与 IBD 之间没有关系（汇总效应大小：1.17，95%CI：0.80-1.72，P=0.41）。饮食长链 n-3 PUFAs 与 UC 的风险呈显著负相关（汇总效应大小：0.75，95%CI：0.57-0.98，P=0.03）。此外，α-亚麻酸（ALA）与 IBD 之间无关联（汇总效应大小：1.17，95%CI：0.63-2.17，P=0.62）。
研究结果表明，鱼类消费与 CD 的风险呈负相关。此外，饮食长链 n-3 PUFAs 与 UC 的风险呈显著负相关。
