Coventry Charles A, Vaska Ashish I, Holland Andrew J A, Read David J, Ivers Rebecca Q
The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinic School, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Department of Surgery, Geelong Hospital, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
World J Surg. 2019 May;43(5):1226-1231. doi: 10.1007/s00268-019-04915-1.
Emergency medical teams (EMTs) frequently provide surgical care after sudden-onset disasters (SODs) in low- and middle-income countries. The purpose of this review is to describe the types of surgical procedures performed by EMTs with general surgical capability in order to aid the recruitment and training of surgeons for these teams.
A search of electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) was carried out to identify articles published between 1990 and 2018 that describe the type of surgical procedures performed by EMTs in the impact and post-impact phases of a SOD. Further relevant articles were obtained by hand searching reference lists.
A total of 16 articles met the inclusion criteria. Articles reporting on EMTs from a number of different countries and responding to a variety of SODs were included. There was a high prevalence of procedures for extremity soft tissue injuries (46.8%) and fractures (28.3%), although a number of abdominal and genitourinary/obstetric procedures were also reported.
Based upon this review, deployment of surgeons or teams with experience in the management of soft tissue wounds, orthopaedic trauma, abdominal surgery, and obstetrics is recommended.
在低收入和中等收入国家，紧急医疗队（EMT）常在突发灾难（SOD）后提供外科治疗。本综述的目的是描述具备普通外科能力的EMT所实施的外科手术类型，以协助为这些团队招募和培训外科医生。
检索电子数据库（PubMed、MEDLINE和EMBASE），以识别1990年至2018年期间发表的描述EMT在SOD的冲击期和冲击后期所实施的外科手术类型的文章。通过手工检索参考文献列表获取更多相关文章。
共有16篇文章符合纳入标准。纳入了来自多个不同国家且应对各种SOD的EMT的报道文章。四肢软组织损伤手术（46.8%）和骨折手术（28.3%）的发生率很高，不过也报道了一些腹部和泌尿生殖科/产科手术。
基于本综述，建议部署在软组织伤口处理、骨科创伤、腹部外科和产科管理方面有经验的外科医生或团队。
