自我用药体验：定性元分析。
Experiences of self-medication among people: a qualitative meta-synthesis.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran.
出版信息
Daru. 2019 Jun;27(1):83-89. doi: 10.1007/s40199-019-00244-9. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
BACKGROUND
Self-medication is one of the major health-related problems in the world, which causes many problems for people and health systems. No comprehensive qualitative meta-synthesis has been done to understand the perceptions and experiences of self-medication among people.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to analyze, re-interpret, and synthesize the existing qualitative studies on perceptions and experiences of self-medication among people around the world.
METHODS
In this meta-synthesis, all published qualitative studies in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched in May 2018. A total of 543 articles were screened in the primary stage and finally five articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-synthesis. The included studies were analyzed using Noblit & Hare approach.
RESULTS
Initially, 115 codes were identified. In the second stage, the codes were merged based on similarity and shared meanings. Finally, after checking by two authors, the following five themes were emerged: cost-effectiveness, affectivity, inefficiency of the healthcare system, previous experiences, and oversimplification.
CONCLUSION
The findings of this first meta-synthesis provided a comprehensive understanding of the perceptions and experiences of self-medication around the world. The findings showed that the experiences of self-medication could be classified into personal, social, organizational, and cultural categories. These findings could help policymakers address these perceptions and experiences in effective health planning.
背景
自我药疗是世界范围内主要的与健康相关的问题之一，它给人们和医疗体系带来了许多问题。目前还没有进行全面的定性元分析，以了解人们对自我药疗的看法和体验。
目的
本研究旨在分析、重新解释和综合世界范围内关于人们对自我药疗的看法和体验的现有定性研究。
方法
在这项元综合研究中，于 2018 年 5 月在 PubMed、Scopus、CINAHL 和 Web of Science 数据库中搜索了所有已发表的定性研究。在初步阶段共筛选出 543 篇文章，最终有 5 篇符合纳入标准的文章被纳入元综合分析。采用 Noblit 和 Hare 方法对纳入的研究进行分析。
结果
最初确定了 115 个代码。在第二阶段，根据相似性和共同意义对这些代码进行了合并。最后，经两位作者检查后，出现了以下五个主题：成本效益、有效性、医疗体系效率低下、以往经验和过于简单化。
结论
这第一项元综合研究的结果提供了对世界各地人们对自我药疗的看法和体验的全面理解。研究结果表明，自我药疗的体验可以分为个人、社会、组织和文化类别。这些发现可以帮助政策制定者在有效的卫生规划中解决这些看法和体验。
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