Center of Allergy and Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center Munich, 80802, Munich, Germany.
Immunol Cell Biol. 2019 Mar;97(3):279-288. doi: 10.1111/imcb.12226. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
Trauma or infection can result in tissue damage, which needs to be repaired in a well-orchestrated manner to restore tissue function and homeostasis. Lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (termed eicosanoids) play central and versatile roles in the regulation of tissue repair. Here, I summarize the current state-of the-art regarding the functional activities of eicosanoids in tissue repair responses during homeostasis and disease. I also describe how eicosanoids are produced during tissue damage and repair in a time-, cell- and tissue-dependent fashion. In particular, recent insights into the roles of eicosanoids in epithelial barrier repair are reviewed. Furthermore, the distinct roles of different eicosanoids in settings of pathological tissue repair such as chronic wounds, scarring or fibrosis are discussed. Finally, an outlook is provided on how eicosanoids may be targeted by future therapeutic strategies to achieve physiological tissue repair and prevent scarring and loss of tissue function in various disease contexts.
创伤或感染可导致组织损伤，需要以协调的方式进行修复，以恢复组织功能和内稳态。源自花生四烯酸的脂质介质（称为类二十烷酸）在组织修复的调节中发挥着核心和多样的作用。在这里，我总结了类二十烷酸在稳态和疾病期间组织修复反应中的功能活性的最新进展。我还描述了类二十烷酸如何在组织损伤和修复过程中以时间、细胞和组织依赖的方式产生。特别是，最近对类二十烷酸在上皮屏障修复中的作用的深入了解进行了综述。此外，还讨论了不同类二十烷酸在慢性伤口、瘢痕形成或纤维化等病理性组织修复中的独特作用。最后，就类二十烷酸如何可能成为未来治疗策略的靶点，以实现生理组织修复并防止各种疾病情况下的瘢痕形成和组织功能丧失，提供了展望。
