Jørgenrud Benedicte, Bogstrand Stig Tore, Furuhaugen Håvard, Jamt Ragnhild E G, Vindenes Vigdis, Gjerde Hallvard
a Department of Forensic Sciences , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.
b Department of Nursing Science , Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2018;19(8):779-785. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2018.1518577. Epub 2019 Jan 25.
The objective of this study was to study the association between self-reported road traffic crashes (RTCs) and recent use of alcohol and medicinal and illicit drug use and self-reported speeding in the previous 2 years.
During the period from April 2016 to April 2017, drivers of cars, vans, motorcycles, and mopeds were stopped in a Norwegian roadside survey performed in collaboration with the police. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The drivers were asked to deliver an oral fluid sample (mixed saliva), which was analyzed for alcohol and 39 illicit and medicinal drugs and metabolites. In addition, data on age, sex, and self-reported speeding tickets and RTCs during the previous 2 years were collected.
A total of 5,031 participants were included in the study, and 4.9% tested positive for the use of one or more illicit or medicinal drugs or alcohol. We found a significant, positive association between the use of cannabis and RTC involvement (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-3.57; P = 0.035) and also between previous speeding tickets and RTC involvement (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.08-1.80; P = 0.012). In addition, older age groups were found to have a significant, negative association with RTC involvement, with ORs equal to or less than 0.49, when using the age group 16-24 as reference.
Speeding, as an indicator of risk behavior, and the use of cannabis were associated with previous RTC involvement, whereas increasing age was significantly associated with lower risk. This is consistent with previous studies on RTCs.
本研究的目的是探讨自我报告的道路交通事故（RTC）与过去两年内近期饮酒、使用药用和非法药物以及自我报告的超速驾驶之间的关联。
在2016年4月至2017年4月期间，与警方合作在挪威路边进行了一项调查，拦下了汽车、货车、摩托车和轻便摩托车的驾驶员。参与是自愿且匿名的。要求驾驶员提供一份口腔液样本（混合唾液），对其进行酒精以及39种非法和药用药物及代谢物的分析。此外，收集了关于年龄、性别以及过去两年内自我报告的超速罚单和道路交通事故的数据。
共有5031名参与者纳入本研究，4.9%的参与者检测出使用一种或多种非法或药用药物或酒精呈阳性。我们发现大麻使用与道路交通事故参与之间存在显著的正相关（比值比[OR]=1.93；95%置信区间[CI]，1.05 - 3.57；P = 0.035），既往超速罚单与道路交通事故参与之间也存在显著正相关（OR = 1.39；95% CI，1.08 - 1.80；P = 0.012）。此外，以16 - 24岁年龄组作为参照时，发现年龄较大的组与道路交通事故参与之间存在显著的负相关，OR值等于或小于0.49。
超速作为一种风险行为指标以及大麻的使用与既往道路交通事故参与相关，而年龄增长与较低风险显著相关。这与先前关于道路交通事故的研究一致。
