Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Conservação, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 25;14(1):e0211372. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211372. eCollection 2019.
Ipomoea imperati is widely used in tropical areas to treat several pathological conditions. The effect of this plant against parasitic species has not been investigated even being used for this purpose in the Brazilian northeastern. This study aimed to evaluate the anthelmintic and acaricide potential of a hydroethanolic extract of I. imperati leaves and stolons. I. imperati leaves and stolons were crushed and subjected to maceration in ethanol 70% (v/v), after which the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The chromatographic profile of the extract was obtained by UV Spectrum high-performance liquid chromatography and compounds were identified by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Identification of the compounds present in the extract was achieved by comparing their retention times and UV spectra with data in the literature. Anthelmintic activity was evaluated by larval exsheathment inhibition assays using Haemonchus contortus larvae and five concentrations of each extract ranging from 0.07 to 1.2 mg/mL. Acaricide activity was evaluated via larval immersion of Rhipicephalus microplus in eight concentrations of each extract ranging from 5.0 to 25.0 mg/mL. Live and dead larvae were counted after 24 hours. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) for H. contortus larvae and the median lethal concentration (LC50) for R. microplus larvae were calculated. Twelve compounds were observed in the hydroethanolic extract of leaves, with a predominance of the aglycone form of flavonoids and tannins. This extract was effective against H. contortus larvae, presenting an average inhibitory concentration of 0.22 mg/mL, but showed no activity toward R. microplus larvae. The stolon hydroethanolic extract presented 11 compounds, with phenolic acids and glycosylated flavonoids prevailing. This extract showed low activity on R. microplus and no effect on inhibiting H. contortus larval exsheathment at the concentrations tested. This study is the first to assess the anthelmintic and acaricidal activities of I. imperati. Data reported confirm promising potential of I. imperati leaves hydroethanolic extract against H. contortus. This effect could be due to its secondary compounds presents in this extract, such as procyanidin, kaempferol, isoquercitrin and rutin.
Ipomoea imperati 被广泛用于治疗热带地区的多种病理状况。尽管这种植物在巴西东北部地区被用于治疗寄生虫病，但尚未对其抗寄生虫物种的效果进行研究。本研究旨在评估 I. imperati 叶和茎水醇提取物的驱虫和杀螨潜力。将 I. imperati 的叶和茎粉碎后，在 70%乙醇（v/v）中进行浸提，然后使用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂。通过紫外光谱高效液相色谱法获得提取物的色谱图，并通过液相色谱/电喷雾串联质谱法鉴定化合物。通过比较保留时间和紫外光谱与文献数据，确定提取物中存在的化合物。通过使用 Haemonchus contortus 幼虫进行幼虫蜕皮抑制试验评估驱虫活性，使用五种不同浓度的每种提取物，范围为 0.07 至 1.2mg/mL。通过 Rhipicephalus microplus 幼虫的幼虫浸浴评估杀螨活性，使用八种不同浓度的每种提取物，范围为 5.0 至 25.0mg/mL。24 小时后，计算活幼虫和死幼虫的数量。计算 H. contortus 幼虫的半数抑制浓度（IC50）和 R. microplus 幼虫的半数致死浓度（LC50）。在叶的水醇提取物中观察到 12 种化合物，其中以黄酮类和单宁的糖苷形式为主。该提取物对 H. contortus 幼虫有效，平均抑制浓度为 0.22mg/mL，但对 R. microplus 幼虫无活性。茎的水醇提取物含有 11 种化合物，其中以酚酸和糖基化黄酮为主。该提取物对 R. microplus 的活性较低，在测试浓度下对抑制 H. contortus 幼虫蜕皮无作用。本研究首次评估了 I. imperati 的驱虫和杀螨活性。报告的数据证实了 I. imperati 叶水醇提取物对 H. contortus 的潜在作用。这种效果可能是由于该提取物中存在的次级化合物，如原花青素、山奈酚、异槲皮苷和芦丁。
