Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Av Dede Brasil 1700, Campus do Itaperi, 60740-093 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Sep;109(3):893-8. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2331-6. Epub 2011 Apr 5.
The anthelmintic resistance has limited the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants and thus has awakened interest in the study of tanniferous plants as a source of anthelmintics. These experiments were carried out to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Myracrodruon urundeuva leaf extract (LE) and stem extract (SE) against Haemonchus contortus. An inhibitor of tannins, polyvinyl polypyrrolidone (PVPP), was used to verify if these metabolites are involved in the anthelmintic activity of the extracts. To evaluate the ovicidal effect, H. contortus eggs were incubated with the extracts (0.31 to 5 mg/mL) for 48 h. In the larval artificial exsheathment assay, third-stage larvae of this nematode were incubated with extracts (0.31 mg/mL) for 3 h and then were exposed to a sodium hypochlorite solution. The exsheathment process was evaluated for 60 min. The results were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05). The extracts showed dose-dependent ovicidal effects, although the LE was more effective, inhibiting egg hatching by 97.73% at 1.25 mg/mL, while the SE inhibited hatching by 83.56% at 5 mg/mL. Contact with the extracts blocked the larval exsheathment (P < 0.05). The addition of PVPP confirmed the role of tannins, as there was a substantial reduction in egg hatching and larval exsheathment percentage. These results suggest that M. urundeuva can be used to control gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants and that the anthelmintic activity of this plant is probably related to tannins; however, in vivo studies should be conducted.
驱虫剂耐药性限制了对小反刍动物胃肠道线虫的控制，因此人们对研究单宁植物作为驱虫剂来源产生了兴趣。进行这些实验是为了评估 Myracrodruon urundeuva 叶提取物（LE）和茎提取物（SE）对捻转血矛线虫的体外疗效。使用单宁抑制剂聚乙烯基聚吡咯烷酮（PVPP）来验证这些代谢物是否参与了提取物的驱虫活性。为了评估杀卵效果，将捻转血矛线虫卵与提取物（0.31 至 5 mg/mL）孵育 48 小时。在幼虫人工蜕皮试验中，将第三期幼虫在提取物（0.31 mg/mL）中孵育 3 小时，然后暴露于次氯酸钠溶液中。评估蜕皮过程 60 分钟。结果采用 Kruskal-Wallis 检验（P < 0.05）。提取物表现出剂量依赖性的杀卵作用，尽管 LE 更有效，在 1.25 mg/mL 时抑制卵孵化 97.73%，而 SE 在 5 mg/mL 时抑制孵化 83.56%。与提取物接触阻止了幼虫蜕皮（P < 0.05）。添加 PVPP 证实了单宁的作用，因为卵孵化和幼虫蜕皮百分比都有实质性降低。这些结果表明，M. urundeuva 可用于控制小反刍动物的胃肠道线虫，并且该植物的驱虫活性可能与单宁有关；然而，应该进行体内研究。
