School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh 160012, India.
Environ Int. 2019 Mar;124:431-440. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.059. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
There is increasing evidence of adverse health impact of solid biomass fuel, and its use may hinder thermal comfort, which may lead to lower quality of life. Hence, current study aims to assess the thermal comfort at a rural location of Punjab, India. The indoor air temperature and relative humidity in rural households during winter varied from 11.9-25.2 °C and 63.4-90.5% respectively, during pre-summer it ranged between 21.3 and 27.4 °C and 48.4-78.4% while during summer it ranged between 28.4 and 37.8 °C and 13.7-63.8% respectively. The PMV of the households ranged between -0.85 to 0.69 (winter), -0.32 to 0.4 (pre-summer) and 0.53 to 1.25 (summer) for American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) 55-2017 and -0.56 to 1.11 (winter), 0.04 to 0.99 (pre-summer) and 1.21-2.36 (summer) for European Committee for Standardization (CEN) European standard EN15251 while the Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied ranged between 5 and 20% (winter), 5-8% (pre-summer) and 11-38% (summer) for ASHRAE 55-2017 and 5-31% (winter), 5-26% (pre-summer) and 36-90% (summer) for EN15251 guidelines. On the other hand, Adaptive thermal comfort (ATC) during winter and pre-summer was comfortable for 80 and 90% acceptable limits (ASHRAE-2017) and ranged between too cool to comfortable for EN15251 (Class I, II and III) while during summer thermal comfort for occupants was comfortable for ASHRAE 2017 and EN15251 (Class I, II, III) but did not comply with EN guidelines in some households using either clean fuel or chullah. Thermal comfort sensation was observed to be slightly cool to neutral during winter, neutral during pre-summer and slightly warm during summer according to Predicted Mean Vote method. The results were also compared using a thermal comfort and household survey and found to be similar with the model results. Climate change is leading to changes in temperature which may have an impact on the built environment. Hence, the current study suggests formulating policies on the uses of household fuel and design of kitchen with proper ventilation to increase thermal comfort which in turn will also reduce air pollutants.
越来越多的证据表明，固体生物质燃料对健康有不良影响，其使用可能会阻碍热舒适度，从而导致生活质量下降。因此，目前的研究旨在评估印度旁遮普邦农村地区的热舒适度。在冬季，农村家庭的室内空气温度和相对湿度分别为 11.9-25.2°C 和 63.4-90.5%，在初夏期间，温度范围在 21.3 到 27.4°C 和 48.4-78.4%之间，而在夏季，温度范围在 28.4 到 37.8°C 和 13.7-63.8%之间。美国家庭供暖、制冷和空调工程师协会（ASHRAE）55-2017 标准下，家庭的 PMV 值范围为-0.85 至 0.69（冬季）、-0.32 至 0.4（初夏）和 0.53 至 1.25（夏季），而欧洲标准化委员会（CEN）EN15251 标准下，该值范围为-0.56 至 1.11（冬季）、0.04 至 0.99（初夏）和 1.21-2.36（夏季）。ASHRAE 55-2017 标准下，预测不满意百分比范围为 5 至 20%（冬季）、5-8%（初夏）和 11-38%（夏季），EN15251 标准下，该值范围为 5-31%（冬季）、5-26%（初夏）和 36-90%（夏季）。另一方面，冬季和初夏的适应性热舒适度（ATC）对 80%和 90%可接受限值（ASHRAE-2017）来说是舒适的，而对于 EN15251 来说，范围介于太冷到舒适（Class I、II 和 III）之间，而在夏季，居住者的热舒适度对于 ASHRAE 2017 和 EN15251（Class I、II、III）来说是舒适的，但在一些使用清洁燃料或柴炉的家庭中，不符合 EN 指南。根据预测平均投票法，冬季的热舒适感为稍冷至中性，初夏时为中性，夏季时为稍暖。研究结果还与热舒适度和家庭调查进行了比较，结果相似。气候变化导致温度变化，这可能会对建筑环境产生影响。因此，目前的研究建议制定有关家庭燃料使用和通风良好的厨房设计的政策，以提高热舒适度，从而减少空气污染物。
