Congdon B S, Coutts B A, Renton M, Jones R A C
School of Plant Biology and Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
Crop Protection Branch, Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Perth, WA 6983, Australia.
Plant Dis. 2016 May;100(5):953-958. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-11-15-1249-RE. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
Pea seed-borne mosaic virus (PSbMV) stability in sap and its contact transmission between field pea plants were investigated in glasshouse experiments. When infective leaf sap was kept at room temperature and inoculated to plants in the absence of abrasive, it was still highly infective after 6 h and low levels of infectivity remained after 30 h. PSbMV was transmitted from infected to healthy plants by direct contact when leaves were rubbed against each other. It was also transmitted when intertwining healthy and PSbMV-infected plants were blown by a fan to simulate wind. When air was blown on plants kept at 14 to 20°C, contact transmission of PSbMV occurred consistently and the extent of transmission was enhanced when plants were dusted with diatomaceous earth prior to blowing. In contrast, when plants were kept at 20 to 30°C, blowing rarely resulted in transmission. No passive contact transmission occurred when healthy and infected plants were allowed to intertwine together. This study demonstrates that PSbMV has the potential to be transmitted by contact when wind-mediated wounding occurs in the field. This may play an important role in the epidemiology of the virus in field pea crops, especially in situations where contact transmission expands initial crop infection foci before aphid arrival.
在温室试验中研究了豌豆种传花叶病毒（PSbMV）在汁液中的稳定性及其在豌豆植株间的接触传播。当感染性叶汁在室温下保存且在无研磨剂的情况下接种到植株上时，6小时后仍具有高感染性，30小时后仍有低水平的感染性。当叶片相互摩擦时，PSbMV可通过直接接触从感染植株传播到健康植株。当用风扇吹动交织在一起的健康植株和感染PSbMV的植株以模拟风时，也会发生传播。当对保持在14至20°C的植株吹气时，PSbMV的接触传播持续发生，并且在吹气前用硅藻土对植株进行粉尘处理时，传播程度会增强。相比之下，当植株保持在20至30°C时，吹气很少导致传播。当健康植株和感染植株相互交织时，不会发生被动接触传播。本研究表明，当田间发生风介导的创伤时，PSbMV有可能通过接触传播。这可能在豌豆作物中该病毒的流行病学中起重要作用，特别是在接触传播在蚜虫到来之前扩大初始作物感染病灶的情况下。
