Niu Jin, Xie Jia-Jun, Guo Tian-Yu, Fang Hao-Hang, Zhang Yan-Mei, Liao Shi-Yu, Xie Shi-Wei, Liu Yong-Jian, Tian Li-Xia
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Physiol. 2019 Jan 9;9:1880. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01880. eCollection 2018.
The study was conducted to compare and evaluate effects of four different macro-algaes on growth, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of . In the rearing trial 1, shrimp were fed five diets containing four sources of macro-algaes for 8 weeks, named D1 (without macro-algae), D2 (), D3 (), D4 (), and D5 (), respectively. Growth performance of shrimp in D5 diet was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed the control and D4 diet ( < 0.05); however, there is no significant difference among D2, D3, and D5 diets ( > 0.05). Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter from the D2, D3, and D5 diets were significantly higher than that from the control and D4 diets ( < 0.05). Supplementary macro-algaes enhanced hepatopancreas immunity through positively increasing total antioxidant status (TAS) and prophenoloxidase activity (ProPO), as well as up-regulating the hepatopancreas RNA expression of ProPO and IκBα and down-regulating the expression of transforming growth factor β. Furthermore, dietary macro-algaes modified intestinal microbiota of , boosting the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial such as , and , and decreasing those detrimental bacterial such as and . In the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenge trial, shrimps were injected for 6-day after the rearing trial. On the fourth day, shrimp death started to occur, and the mortality in D2, D3, and D5 diets was significantly lower than that in control and SJ diets during 4-6 challenged days ( < 0.05). Dietary macro-algaes ameliorated hepatopancreas damage in by increasing TAS and ProPO activities and decreasing SOD activity, inhibiting the lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), as well as regulating the immune-related genes expression. Taken together, dietary macro-algaes availably relieved enterohepatic oxidative damage by improving antioxidant ability and immunity and regulated intestinal microbiota in . These results indicated that is the most suitable macro-algae and then followed by and as the feed ingredient for .
本研究旨在比较和评估四种不同大型藻类对[具体对象]生长、免疫反应和肠道微生物群的影响。在养殖试验1中，对虾投喂含有四种大型藻类来源的五种饲料，为期8周，分别命名为D1（不含大型藻类）、D2（[此处缺失具体藻类名称]）、D3（[此处缺失具体藻类名称]）、D4（[此处缺失具体藻类名称]）和D5（[此处缺失具体藻类名称]）。投喂D5饲料的对虾生长性能显著高于投喂对照和D4饲料的对虾（P<0.05）；然而，D2、D3和D5饲料之间无显著差异（P>0.05）。D2、D3和D5饲料干物质的表观消化系数显著高于对照和D4饲料（P<0.05）。补充大型藻类通过正向增加总抗氧化状态（TAS）和酚氧化酶原活性（ProPO），以及上调ProPO和IκBα的肝胰腺RNA表达和下调转化生长因子β的表达来增强肝胰腺免疫力。此外，饲料中的大型藻类改变了[具体对象]的肠道微生物群，提高了有益细菌如[此处缺失具体细菌名称]、[此处缺失具体细菌名称]和[此处缺失具体细菌名称]的相对丰度，并降低了有害细菌如[此处缺失具体细菌名称]和[此处缺失具体细菌名称]的相对丰度。在白斑综合征病毒（WSSV）攻毒试验中，养殖试验后对虾注射病毒6天。第4天开始出现对虾死亡，在攻毒的4 - 6天内，投喂D2、D3和D5饲料的对虾死亡率显著低于对照和SJ饲料组（P<0.
