State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures and Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of MoE, Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 29 Yudao Street, Nanjing, 210016, China.
Adv Mater. 2019 Oct;31(42):e1803772. doi: 10.1002/adma.201803772. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Selective transport of mass through membranes, so-called separation, is fundamental to many industrial applications, e.g., water desalination and gas separation. Graphynes, graphene analogs yet containing intrinsic uniformly distributed pores, are excellent candidates for highly permeable and selective membranes owing to their extreme thinness and high porosity. Graphynes exhibit computationally determined separation performance far beyond experimentally measured values of commercial state-of-the-art polyamide membranes; they also offer advantages over other atomically thin membranes like porous graphene in terms of controllability in pore geometry. Here, recent progress in proof-of-concept computational research into various graphynes for water desalination and gas separation is discussed, and their theoretically predicted outstanding permeability and selectivity are highlighted. Challenges associated with the future development of graphyne-based membranes are further analyzed, concentrating on controlled synthesis of graphyne, maintenance of high structural stability to withstand loading pressures, as well asthe demand for accurate computational characterization of separation performance. Finally, possible directions are discussed to align future efforts in order to push graphynes and other 2D material membranes toward practical separation applications.
通过膜的选择性物质传输，即所谓的分离，是许多工业应用的基础，例如海水淡化和气体分离。与含有固有均匀分布孔的石墨烯类似的石墨炔，由于其极薄和高孔隙率，是高渗透性和选择性膜的优秀候选材料。由于其计算确定的分离性能远远超过商业最先进聚酰胺膜的实验测量值，因此石墨炔在孔几何形状的可控性方面优于其他原子层薄膜（如多孔石墨烯）。本文讨论了各种用于海水淡化和气体分离的石墨炔在概念验证计算研究方面的最新进展，并强调了其理论预测的出色渗透性和选择性。进一步分析了基于石墨炔膜未来发展所面临的挑战，重点关注石墨炔的可控合成、承受加载压力的高结构稳定性的保持，以及对分离性能进行准确计算表征的需求。最后，讨论了可能的方向，以便为将石墨炔和其他二维材料膜推向实际分离应用而协调未来的努力。
