Feldman Dale S
UAB, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham 35294, AL, USA.
J Funct Biomater. 2019 Jan 26;10(1):10. doi: 10.3390/jfb10010010.
Biomaterial enhanced regeneration (BER) falls mostly under the broad heading of Tissue Engineering: the use of materials (synthetic and natural) usually in conjunction with cells (both native and genetically modified as well as stem cells) and/or biological response modifiers (growth factors and cytokines as well as other stimuli, which alter cellular activity). Although the emphasis is on the biomaterial as a scaffold it is also the use of additive bioactivity to enhance the healing and regenerative properties of the scaffold. Enhancing regeneration is both moving more toward regeneration but also speeding up the process. The review covers principles of design for BER as well as strategies to select the best designs. This is first general design principles, followed by types of design options, and then specific strategies for applications in skin and load bearing applications. The last section, surveys current clinical practice (for skin and load bearing applications) including limitations of these approaches. This is followed by future directions with an attempt to prioritize strategies. Although the review is geared toward design optimization, prioritization also includes the commercializability of the devices. This means a device must meet both the clinical performance design constraints as well as the commercializability design constraints.
生物材料增强再生（BER）大多属于组织工程这一宽泛范畴：使用材料（合成材料和天然材料），通常与细胞（天然细胞、基因改造细胞以及干细胞）和/或生物反应调节剂（生长因子、细胞因子以及其他改变细胞活性的刺激因素）相结合。尽管重点在于作为支架的生物材料，但同时也利用附加生物活性来增强支架的愈合和再生特性。增强再生既包括更趋向于再生，也包括加速这一过程。本综述涵盖了生物材料增强再生的设计原则以及选择最佳设计的策略。首先是一般设计原则，接着是设计选项类型，然后是在皮肤和承重应用中的具体应用策略。最后一部分考察了当前的临床实践（针对皮肤和承重应用），包括这些方法的局限性。随后是未来方向，并尝试对策略进行优先级排序。尽管本综述旨在实现设计优化，但优先级排序还包括设备的可商业化性。这意味着一种设备必须同时满足临床性能设计约束和可商业化设计约束。
