Department of Resources and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
Ningxia (China-Arab) Key Laboratory of Resource Assessment and Environmental Regulation in Arid Region, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Jan 30;14(1):e0211264. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211264. eCollection 2019.
The strategy of the "Belt and Road" initiative aims not only to promote the cooperation and the development of economic trade, but also to boost the integration and development in multiple fields-especially in the field of health. This paper explores the health levels of member-states in the Belt and Road initiative from the perspective of regional differences and spatial patterns. Data from the 68 member-states in the Belt and Road initiative were selected from the statistical data on disease and socioeconomics in all countries from the 2015 publication by the World Bank and the World Health Organization. Health indicators that can reflect health levels of member states were selected. Moran's I and Getis-Ord Gi* were used to analyze the spatial clustering and hot/cold spots of the health status. After that a novel spatial statistical method "geographical detector" was used to analysis the spatial stratified heterogeneity of the selected health indicators. The result showed that the health level of the member states fluctuated around the world average and varied greatly within the member states. The health status of the member states showed spatial clustering, and the q-statistics of the geographical detector confirmed that the health status demonstrated statistically significant spatial heterogeneity for different continent the member states reside. In general, member states in Europe and Oceania demonstrated higher health status, while those in South Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa and part of Middle East have lower health status. In particular, special attention should be paid to control communicable diseases in African member states. Different regions and member states face different kinds of health threats in various degrees. Member states should strengthen health cooperation between themselves and work closely with other countries to make the "belt and road" a healthy road.
“一带一路”倡议的战略目标不仅在于促进经济贸易合作与发展，还在于推动多领域的融合与发展——特别是在卫生领域。本文从区域差异和空间格局的角度探讨了“一带一路”倡议成员国的卫生水平。本研究选取了来自世界银行和世界卫生组织 2015 年出版的各国疾病和社会经济统计数据中的 68 个“一带一路”成员国的数据。选取了能够反映成员国卫生水平的卫生指标。采用 Moran's I 和 Getis-Ord Gi* 分析卫生状况的空间聚类和热点/冷点。然后，采用一种新的空间统计方法“地理探测器”分析所选卫生指标的空间分层异质性。结果表明，成员国的卫生水平在全球平均水平上下波动，成员国内部差异很大。成员国的卫生状况呈现出空间集聚，地理探测器的 q 统计量证实了成员国的卫生状况在不同的大陆存在统计学上显著的空间异质性。总体而言，欧洲和大洋洲的成员国表现出较高的卫生水平，而南亚、东南亚、非洲和部分中东地区的成员国则表现出较低的卫生水平。特别是，应特别关注非洲成员国的传染病控制。不同地区和成员国在不同程度上面临着不同类型的健康威胁。成员国之间应加强卫生合作，并与其他国家密切合作，使“一带一路”成为一条健康之路。
