膳食谷氨酸会在精神困扰中发挥作用吗？
Could Dietary Glutamate Play a Role in Psychiatric Distress?
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
出版信息
Neuropsychobiology. 2020;79(1):13-19. doi: 10.1159/000496294. Epub 2019 Jan 30.
Abstract
Glutamate is an amino acid that functions as an excitatory neurotransmitter. It has also been associated with somatic and psychiatric distress and is implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Ingestion of dietary glutamate, such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), has been mechanistically linked with greater distress among patients with chronic pain conditions, though findings have been equivocal. Preliminary research suggests that an MSG-restricted diet confers beneficial effects on somatic symptoms and well-being for some individuals with chronic pain conditions. In addition to associations with somatic distress, glutamate has been associated with the onset and progression of psychiatric symptoms. Thus, the role of dietary glutamate in psychiatric distress represents an underdeveloped and potentially important area for future research aimed at clarifying pathophysiological mechanisms and identifying targets for dietary intervention in psychiatric illnesses.
摘要
谷氨酸是一种氨基酸，作为一种兴奋性神经递质发挥作用。它也与躯体和精神困扰有关，并与精神疾病的病理生理学有关，如精神分裂症。饮食中谷氨酸的摄入，如谷氨酸单钠（MSG），与慢性疼痛患者的更大困扰在机制上有关，尽管结果是不确定的。初步研究表明，对于一些慢性疼痛患者，限制 MSG 的饮食对躯体症状和幸福感有有益的影响。除了与躯体困扰有关外，谷氨酸还与精神病症状的发作和进展有关。因此，饮食谷氨酸在精神困扰中的作用是一个尚未开发的、潜在重要的研究领域，旨在阐明病理生理机制，并确定精神疾病饮食干预的靶点。
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