Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.
Hochschule Fresenius University of Applied Sciences, Institute for Analytical Research, Limburger Strasse 2, 65510, Idstein, Germany.
Water Res. 2019 Apr 15;153:80-90. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
The release of persistent and mobile organic chemicals (PMOCs) into the aquatic environment puts the quality of water resources at risk. PMOCs are challenging to analyze in water samples, due to their high polarity. The aim of this study was to develop novel analytical methods for PMOCs and to investigate their occurrence in surface and groundwater samples. The target compounds were culled from a prioritized list of industrial chemicals that were modeled to be persistent, mobile, and emitted into the environment. Analytical screening methods based on mixed-mode liquid chromatography (LC), hydrophilic interaction LC, reversed phase LC, or supercritical fluid chromatography in combination with mass spectrometric detection were successfully developed for 57 target PMOCs and applied to 14 water samples from three European countries. A total of 43 PMOCs were detected in at least one sample, among them 23 PMOCs that have not been reported before to occur in environmental waters. The most prevalent of these novel PMOCs were methyl sulfate, 2-acrylamino-2-methylpropane sulfonate, benzyltrimethylammonium, benzyldimethylamine, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, 6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-diamine, and 1,3-di-o-tolylguanidine occurring in ≥50% of the samples at estimated concentrations in the low ng L up to μg L range. The approach of focused prioritization combined with sensitive target chemical analysis proved to be highly efficient in revealing a large suite of novel as well as scarcely investigated PMOCs in surface and groundwater.
持久性和移动性有机化学品（PMOCs）释放到水环境中会使水资源质量面临风险。由于 PMOCs 的高极性，它们在水样中的分析具有挑战性。本研究旨在开发新型 PMOC 分析方法，并研究其在地表水和地下水样本中的存在情况。目标化合物是从被建模为具有持久性、移动性和排放到环境中的工业化学品优先清单中挑选出来的。基于混合模式液相色谱（LC）、亲水作用 LC、反相 LC 或超临界流体色谱与质谱检测相结合的分析筛选方法，成功地开发了用于 57 种目标 PMOC 的方法，并应用于来自三个欧洲国家的 14 个水样。在至少一个样本中检测到了 43 种 PMOC，其中 23 种 PMOC 以前从未在环境水中报道过。这些新型 PMOC 中最常见的是甲基硫酸酯、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸、苄基三甲基氯化铵、苄基二甲胺、三氟甲磺酸、6-甲基-1,3,5-三嗪-二胺和 1,3-二邻甲苯基胍，它们在估计浓度在低 ng L 到 μg L 范围内的情况下出现在≥50%的样本中。聚焦优先级排序与敏感目标化学分析相结合的方法，在揭示地表水和地下水中大量新型和研究较少的 PMOC 方面被证明是非常有效的。
