Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 North Michigan Avenvue, Suite 1150, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Division of Stroke and Neurocritical Care, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 North Michigan Avenvue, Suite 1150, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;103(2):295-308. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Despite advances in earlier diagnosis and available aggressive treatments for vascular risk factors, stroke remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Disparities exist in stroke risk, rates of stroke, and treatment. Stroke is a heterogeneous disease with multiple additive risk factors and causes. Primary prevention of stroke focusing on risk factor modification plays an important role in reducing the burden of stroke in an aging population. Secondary prevention of recurrent strokes relies on the workup and a tailored treatment targeted at the mechanisms responsible for the incident stroke or transient ischemic attack.
尽管在早期诊断和可用于治疗血管风险因素的积极治疗方面取得了进展，但中风仍然是全球范围内主要的死亡和长期残疾原因。中风的风险、发病率和治疗存在差异。中风是一种异质性疾病，有多种附加风险因素和病因。侧重于危险因素改变的中风一级预防在减少老龄化人口中风负担方面发挥着重要作用。复发性中风的二级预防依赖于检查，以及针对导致该次中风或短暂性脑缺血发作的机制的针对性治疗。
