Research Center for Health Sciences and Technologies, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Feb 2;191(3):124. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7241-6.
Since trace metals rarely appear singly in industrial effluents, it is a major challenge to address combined effects of such toxicants on biological units of wastewater treatment plants. The aim of this study was interaction assessment of Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Hg in their effects on activated sludge bacteria using analytical methods. Two mathematical models were used to determine the effect of binary mixtures of Hg, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni on activated sludge bacteria using a dehydrogenase enzyme assay. Calculated EC values were compared to experimentally observed values of mixtures. Interactive effects were counted to be antagonistic for Hg and Cd, Cd and Pb, Cd and Ni, and Cr and Pb, synergistic for Cd and Cr and Hg and Cr, and additive for other binary mixtures. Maximum toxicity was related to Hg and Cr, Cd and Cr, and Hg and Cd. Physicochemical monitoring of single metals may underestimate hazards arising from these pollutants in environmental samples. Therefore, any possible interaction between metals in such environments should be considered when establishing environmental safety standards.
由于痕量金属在工业废水中很少单独出现，因此解决这些有毒物质对废水处理厂生物单元的联合影响是一个主要挑战。本研究的目的是使用分析方法评估 Cd、Cr、Pb、Ni 和 Hg 对活性污泥细菌的联合作用。使用脱氢酶酶测定法，使用两种数学模型来确定 Hg、Cd、Cr、Pb 和 Ni 的二元混合物对活性污泥细菌的影响。计算的 EC 值与混合物的实验观察值进行了比较。交互作用被计数为 Hg 和 Cd、Cd 和 Pb、Cd 和 Ni 以及 Cr 和 Pb 为拮抗，Cd 和 Cr 以及 Hg 和 Cr 为协同，而其他二元混合物为相加。最大毒性与 Hg 和 Cr、Cd 和 Cr 以及 Hg 和 Cd 有关。对单一金属的物理化学监测可能会低估环境样品中这些污染物所带来的危害。因此，在制定环境安全标准时，应考虑这些环境中金属之间可能存在的任何相互作用。
