Reddy J Shashi Kiran, Roy Sisir, de Souza Leite Edilene, Pereira Alfredo
Research Scholar, Bangalore, 560064, India.
Consciousness Studies Programme, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, 560064, India.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2019 Sep;53(3):463-483. doi: 10.1007/s12124-019-9476-8.
The present article is limited to research studies focused on understanding the phenomenon and construction of the concept of 'Self.' When we look at one's experience of the Self, as a whole, it involves various components associated with different aspects like self-identification, self-location and the sense of the existence of oneself or the sense of Self. While exploring the Self phenomenon, many scientific studies consider only partial aspects of the experience, and hence any understanding resulting from such an evaluation makes it difficult to comment on the nature of the Self. We emphasize that while studying the Self, to understand it totally, one would need to include all the components of the Self. In this connection, we raise the following two theses: a) Ontologically, the Self is conceived as a sentient entity, the bearer of the "what it is like to be" type of feeling, and b) Phenomenologically, we do not have a direct apprehension of the Self, but experience various aspects of the Self through the Senses of Existence, Identification, and Location.
本文仅限于聚焦于理解“自我”现象及构建“自我”概念的研究。当我们审视一个人对自我的体验时,总体而言,它涉及与自我认同、自我定位以及自身存在意识或自我意识等不同方面相关的各种组成部分。在探索自我现象时,许多科学研究仅考虑体验的部分方面,因此,基于这种评估得出的任何理解都难以对自我的本质进行评论。我们强调,在研究自我时,为了全面理解它,需要纳入自我的所有组成部分。就此,我们提出以下两个论点:a)在本体论上,自我被构想为一个有感知的实体,是“存在的感觉”这种类型感受的承载者;b)在现象学上,我们并非直接领会自我,而是通过存在感、认同感和定位感来体验自我的各个方面。