The Microbiome in Celiac Disease.

The healthy microbiome is necessary for normal immune development in the gut. Alterations in the microbial makeup after a critical window increase the risk of autoimmunity, including celiac disease. Although this dysbiosis has been described in adult and pediatric patients, factors leading to dysbiosis are still being elucidated. Genetics has some role in determining the microbiome makeup of the host, but other factors have yet to be determined. The microbiome remains an important therapeutic target in many autoimmune conditions, including celiac disease, however studies have yet to determine the ideal replacement therapy to correct the dysbiosis.