Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China.
Metabolism. 2019 May;94:9-17. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.01.017. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex endocrine and metabolic disorder for human health and well-being. Deregulated glucose and lipid metabolism are the primary underlying manifestations associated with this disease. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are considered to mainly participate in protein translation and may contribute to complex human pathologies. Although the molecular mechanisms remain, for the most part, unknown, accumulating evidence indicates that tRNAs play a vital role in the pathogenesis of DM. This paper reviews different aspects of tRNA-associated dysregulation in DM, such as tRNA mutations, tRNA modifications, tRNA aminoacylation and tRNA derivatives, aiming at a better understanding of the pathogenesis of DM and providing new ideas for the personalized treatment of this metabolism-associated disease.
糖尿病（DM）是一种影响人类健康和福祉的复杂内分泌和代谢紊乱。葡萄糖和脂质代谢失调是与该疾病相关的主要潜在表现。转移 RNA（tRNA）被认为主要参与蛋白质翻译，并可能导致复杂的人类病理。尽管分子机制在很大程度上仍不清楚，但越来越多的证据表明 tRNA 在 DM 的发病机制中发挥着重要作用。本文综述了 tRNA 相关失调在 DM 中的不同方面，如 tRNA 突变、tRNA 修饰、tRNA 氨酰化和 tRNA 衍生物，旨在更好地理解 DM 的发病机制，并为这种与代谢相关的疾病的个体化治疗提供新的思路。
