Genomic Research Laboratory, Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève , Genève , Suisse.
AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, Département d'Epidémiologie et Recherche Clinique, URC Paris-Nord , F-75018 Paris , France.
Gut Microbes. 2019;10(5):631-641. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2018.1564431. Epub 2019 Feb 3.
The risk of acquisition of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE) and of occurrence of diarrhea is high when traveling to tropical regions. The relationships between these phenomena and the composition of human gut microbiota have not yet been assessed. Here, we investigated the dynamics of changes of metabolically active microbiota by sequencing total RNA from fecal samples taken before and after travel to tropical regions. We included 43 subjects who could provide fecal samples before and after a travel to tropical regions. When found positive by culturing for any MRE after travel, the subjects sent an additional sample 1 month later. In all, 104 fecal samples were considered (43 before travel, 43 at return, 18 one month after travel). We extracted the whole RNA, performed retrotranscription and sequenced the cDNA (MiSeq 2x300bp). The reads were mapped to the reference operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and species/strains using the 16S Greengenes and 23S SILVA databases. We found that the occurrence of diarrhea during the travel was associated with a higher relative abundance of before departure and after return. The composition of microbiota, before travel as well as at return, was not correlated with the acquisition of MRE. However, the clearance of MRE one month after return was linked to a specific pattern of bacterial species that was also found before and after return. In conclusion, we found specific OTUs associated to a higher risk of diarrhea during a stay in tropical regions and to a faster clearance of MRE after their acquisition.
前往热带地区旅行时，人们感染多药耐药肠杆菌科（MRE）和发生腹泻的风险很高。这些现象与人类肠道微生物群的组成之间的关系尚未得到评估。在这里，我们通过对旅行前后粪便样本中的总 RNA 进行测序，研究了代谢活跃的微生物群变化的动态。我们纳入了 43 名可以提供旅行前后粪便样本的受试者。在旅行后通过培养发现任何 MRE 呈阳性时，受试者在 1 个月后再发送一份样本。总共考虑了 104 份粪便样本（43 份旅行前，43 份旅行后，18 份旅行后 1 个月）。我们提取了总 RNA，进行逆转录并对 cDNA（MiSeq 2x300bp）进行测序。使用 16S Greengenes 和 23S SILVA 数据库，将读取内容映射到参考操作分类单位（OTUs）和物种/菌株。我们发现，旅行期间发生腹泻与出发前和返回后更高的相对丰度有关。旅行前和返回时的微生物群组成与 MRE 的获得无关。然而，返回后一个月 MRE 的清除与特定的细菌物种模式有关，这种模式在旅行前后也被发现。总之，我们发现了与热带地区停留期间腹泻风险增加以及 MRE 获得后清除速度加快相关的特定 OTUs。
