Department of Vegetable Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huanghuaihai Region, Ministry of Agriculture/Shan Dong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
PLoS One. 2019 Feb 4;14(2):e0209329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209329. eCollection 2019.
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a very important leafy vegetable in China and is commonly grown using furrow irrigation. In order to improve production efficiency, greenhouse experiments were conducted at Experimental Station, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China using furrow irrigation (FI), micro-sprinkler irrigation (MS), plastic film mulching irrigation (PF) and a combined plastic film mulching-micro-sprinkler irrigation system (PF+MS) to study their effects on soil physical characteristics, water distribution, root morpho-physiological traits, nutrition absorption, lettuce yield and water use efficiency for a spring crop and autumn crop in 2015 (Fig 1). Root length, root surface area, and root density were significantly higher under PF and PF+MS than under FI. Moreover, these traits were higher under MS than under FI but these differences were not significant. The soluble protein, soluble sugar, and Vitamin C content of lettuce decreased in the order PF+MS > PF > MS > FI in both crops. In the spring crop, the biological yield of MS, PF, and PF+MS was 7.22%、36.77%、43.20% higher than FI, respectively. In the spring crop, biological water use efficiency (BWUE) of FI, MS, PF and PF+MS was 20.93, 25.24, 36.81 and 38.54 kg m-3, respectively. The BWUE of MS, PF, and PF+MS was 20.59%, 75.87% and 84.14% higher than FI. Economic water use efficiency (EWUE) of FI, MS, PF and PF+MS was 17.06, 21.31, 31.11 and 32.31 kg m-3, respectively. The EWUE of MS, PF, and PF+MS was 24.91%, 82.36% and 89.39% higher than FI, respectively. The autumn crop achieved a higher WUE than the spring crop. The results suggested that the combined plastic film mulching-micro-sprinkler irrigation was the most suitable irrigation approach for increasing lettuce yield.
生菜（Lactuca sativa L.）是中国一种非常重要的叶菜，通常采用沟灌方式种植。为了提高生产效率，本研究在中国农业大学北京试验站采用沟灌（FI）、微喷灌（MS）、塑料薄膜覆盖灌溉（PF）和塑料薄膜覆盖-微喷灌相结合的系统（PF+MS）进行温室试验，研究了它们对土壤物理特性、水分分布、根系形态生理特性、养分吸收、生菜产量和水利用效率的影响，试验在 2015 年进行了春茬和秋茬（图 1）。与 FI 相比，PF 和 PF+MS 下的根长、根表面积和根密度显著更高。此外，MS 下的这些特性高于 FI，但差异不显著。在春茬和秋茬中，生菜的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和维生素 C 含量均表现为 PF+MS>PF>MS>FI。在春茬中，MS、PF 和 PF+MS 的生物产量分别比 FI 高 7.22%、36.77%和 43.20%。在春茬中，FI、MS、PF 和 PF+MS 的生物水分利用效率（BWUE）分别为 20.93、25.24、36.81 和 38.54kg·m-3。MS、PF 和 PF+MS 的 BWUE 比 FI 高 20.59%、75.87%和 84.14%。FI、MS、PF 和 PF+MS 的经济水分利用效率（EWUE）分别为 17.06、21.31、31.11 和 32.31kg·m-3。MS、PF 和 PF+MS 的 EWUE 比 FI 高 24.91%、82.36%和 89.39%。秋茬的 WUE 高于春茬。结果表明，采用塑料薄膜覆盖-微喷灌相结合的方式最有利于提高生菜产量。
