Travadon Renaud, Rolshausen Philippe E, Gubler Walter D, Cadle-Davidson Lance, Baumgartner Kendra
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis 95616.
Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside 92521.
Plant Dis. 2013 Dec;97(12):1529-1536. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-05-13-0525-RE.
Cultivars of European grapevine, Vitis vinifera, show varying levels of susceptibility to Eutypa dieback and Esca, in terms of foliar symptoms. However, little is known regarding cultivar susceptibility of their woody tissues to canker formation. Accordingly, we evaluated the relative susceptibility of V. vinifera cultivars ('Cabernet Franc', 'Cabernet Sauvignon', 'Chardonnay', 'Merlot', 'Riesling', 'Petite Syrah', and 'Thompson Seedless') and species or interspecific hybrids of North American Vitis (Vitis hybrid 'Concord', V. arizonica 'b42-26', V. rupestris × V. cinerea 'Ill547-1', and Fennell 6 [V. aestivalis] × Malaga [V. vinifera] 'DVIT0166') to canker formation by seven trunk pathogens (Neofusicoccum parvum, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Togninia minima, Phomopsis viticola, Eutypa lata, and an undescribed Eutypa sp.). Susceptibility was based on the length of wood discoloration (LWD) in the woody stems of rooted plants in duplicate greenhouse experiments. Cultivars of V. vinifera and Concord did not vary significantly in susceptibility to N. parvum or L. theobromae (LWD of 21 to 88 mm at 14 weeks post inoculation; P > 0.16), suggesting that they are similarly susceptible to Botryosphaeria dieback. The table-grape Thompson Seedless was most susceptible to P. viticola (mean LWD of 61 mm at 11 months post inoculation; P < 0.0001). V. vinifera cultivars and Concord showed similar susceptibility to the Esca pathogens, Phaeomoniella chlamydospora and T. minima. Susceptibility to E. lata was greatest in V. arizonica b42-26 (mean LWD of 96 mm at 11 months post inoculation; P < 0.03). In fact, all four American Vitis spp. were more susceptible to Eutypa dieback than the V. vinifera cultivars. Our findings suggest that no one cultivar is likely to provide resistance to the range of trunk pathogens but that certain cultivars may be promising candidates for commercially relevant host resistance in grape-production systems where the dominant cultivars are very susceptible.
就叶片症状而言，欧洲葡萄品种（欧亚种葡萄）对葡萄顶枯病和葡萄黑腐病的易感性程度各不相同。然而，关于其木质组织对溃疡形成的品种易感性却知之甚少。因此，我们评估了欧亚种葡萄品种（“品丽珠”“赤霞珠”“霞多丽”“美乐”“雷司令”“小西拉”和“汤普森无核葡萄”）以及北美葡萄属的物种或种间杂种（葡萄杂种“康科德”、亚利桑那葡萄“b42 - 26”、河岸葡萄×灰葡萄“Ill547 - 1”以及芬内尔6号[estivalis葡萄]×马拉加[欧亚种葡萄]“DVIT0166”）对七种树干病原菌（微小新壳梭孢、可可毛色二孢、叶点霉、极小托尼亚菌、葡萄拟茎点霉、葡萄顶枯病菌以及一种未描述的葡萄顶枯病菌种）引起溃疡形成的易感性。在重复的温室实验中，易感性基于生根植物木质茎中木材变色长度（LWD）。欧亚种葡萄品种和康科德对微小新壳梭孢或可可毛色二孢的易感性没有显著差异（接种后14周木材变色长度为21至88毫米；P>0.16），这表明它们对葡萄座腔菌属溃疡病的易感性相似。鲜食葡萄品种汤普森无核对葡萄拟茎点霉最为易感（接种后11个月平均木材变色长度为61毫米；P<0.0001）。欧亚种葡萄品种和康科德对葡萄黑腐病病原菌叶点霉和极小托尼亚菌表现出相似的易感性。亚利桑那葡萄b42 - 26对葡萄顶枯病菌的易感性最高（接种后11个月平均木材变色长度为96毫米；P<0.03）。事实上，所有四种美洲葡萄属物种对葡萄顶枯病的易感性都高于欧亚种葡萄品种。我们的研究结果表明，没有一个品种可能对一系列树干病原菌具有抗性，但在主要品种非常易感的葡萄生产系统中，某些品种可能是具有商业相关性的宿主抗性的有前景的候选品种。
