Lee Chun-Yuan, Wu Pei-Hua, Lu Po-Liang, Tsai Hung-Chin
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
J Clin Med. 2019 Feb 1;8(2):163. doi: 10.3390/jcm8020163.
The current trends and spectrum of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related opportunistic illnesses (AOIs) among newly diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients after the implementation of the 2006⁻2015 national anti-tuberculosis (TB) programmes in Taiwan remain unknown. We retrospectively reviewed 1757 patients at two centres in southern Taiwan between 2001 and 2015. Based on the anti-TB programme, patients were classified into periods 1 (2001⁻2005), 2 (2006⁻2010), and 3 (2011⁻2015). We further analysed factors associated with (MTB) at presentation and during follow-up. The overall AOI incidence rate (23.6%) remained unchanged across the periods, with 81.4% of AOIs occurring at presentation. pneumonia was the leading AOI across the periods. MTB declined significantly from period 1 to period 3 (39.3% vs. 9.3%). Age and CD4+ cell count <200 cells/µL (vs. ≥501) were the risk factors associated with MTB at presentation, whereas period 2/3 (vs. period 1) was the protective factor. Intravenous drug use (vs. homosexual contact) was the risk factor associated with MTB during follow-up, and period 3 (vs. period 1) was the protective factor. AOI statistics in Taiwan must be closely monitored for fluctuations. Although MTB decreased substantially after implementation of the anti-TB programmes, additional efforts to reduce MTB are required.
在台湾实施2006 - 2015年国家抗结核计划后，新诊断的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染患者中获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）相关机会性感染（AOIs）的当前趋势和范围仍不清楚。我们回顾性分析了2001年至2015年台湾南部两个中心的1757例患者。根据抗结核计划，患者被分为1期（2001 - 2005年）、2期（2006 - 2010年）和3期（2011 - 2015年）。我们进一步分析了就诊时和随访期间与结核分枝杆菌（MTB）相关的因素。各时期AOIs的总体发病率（23.6%）保持不变，81.4%的AOIs发生在就诊时。肺炎是各时期主要的AOI。MTB从第1期到第3期显著下降（39.3%对9.3%）。年龄和CD4 +细胞计数<200个/µL（对≥501个）是就诊时与MTB相关的危险因素，而第2/3期（对第1期）是保护因素。静脉吸毒（对同性恋接触）是随访期间与MTB相关的危险因素，第3期（对第1期）是保护因素。台湾的AOI统计数据必须密切监测其波动情况。尽管实施抗结核计划后MTB大幅下降，但仍需要进一步努力降低MTB。
