Armenta R F, Collins K M, Strathdee S A, Bulterys M A, Munoz F, Cuevas-Mota J, Chiles P, Garfein R S
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, San Diego.
Division of Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017 Apr 1;21(4):425-431. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0434.
Persons who inject drugs (PWID) might be at increased risk for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and reactivation of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) due to their injection drug use.
To determine prevalence and correlates of M. tuberculosis infection among PWID in San Diego, California, USA.
PWID aged 18 years underwent standardized interviews and serologic testing using an interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) for LTBI and rapid point-of-care assays for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Independent correlates of M. tuberculosis infection were identified using multivariable log-binomial regression.
A total of 500 participants met the eligibility criteria. The mean age was 43.2 years (standard deviation 11.6); most subjects were White (52%) or Hispanic (30.8%), and male (75%). Overall, 86.7% reported having ever traveled to Mexico. Prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection was 23.6%; 0.8% were co-infected with HIV and 81.7% were co-infected with HCV. Almost all participants (95%) had been previously tested for M. tuberculosis; 7.6% had been previously told they were infected. M. tuberculosis infection was independently associated with being Hispanic, having longer injection histories, testing HCV-positive, and correctly reporting that people with 'sleeping' TB cannot infect others.
Strategies are needed to increase awareness about and treatment for M. tuberculosis infection among PWID in the US/Mexico border region.
注射毒品者（PWID）由于其注射毒品行为，感染结核分枝杆菌以及潜伏结核感染（LTBI）复发的风险可能会增加。
确定美国加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥市注射毒品者中结核分枝杆菌感染的患病率及其相关因素。
年龄≥18岁的注射毒品者接受了标准化访谈，并使用干扰素-γ释放试验（IGRA）进行LTBI血清学检测，以及使用即时检验快速检测法检测人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染情况。使用多变量对数二项回归确定结核分枝杆菌感染的独立相关因素。
共有500名参与者符合纳入标准。平均年龄为43.2岁（标准差11.6）；大多数受试者为白人（52%）或西班牙裔（30.8%），男性占75%。总体而言，86.7%的人报告曾去过墨西哥。结核分枝杆菌感染的患病率为23.6%；0.8%的人同时感染了HIV，81.7%的人同时感染了HCV。几乎所有参与者（95%）之前都接受过结核分枝杆菌检测；7.6%的人之前被告知他们已被感染。结核分枝杆菌感染与西班牙裔、注射史较长、HCV检测呈阳性以及正确报告“潜伏性”结核病患者不会传染他人独立相关。
需要采取策略提高美国/墨西哥边境地区注射毒品者对结核分枝杆菌感染的认识并加强治疗。
