Department of Social, Political and Cognitive Sciences, University of Siena, Palazzo San Niccolò, Via Roma 56, Siena, Italy.
Centre for Innovative Human Systems, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Sci Eng Ethics. 2020 Feb;26(1):159-181. doi: 10.1007/s11948-019-00091-6. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
The relationship between stress and unethical behaviour amongst non-tenured research staff in academia is a relatively unexplored phenomenon. The research reported herein was therefore carried out with the aim of exploring the relationship(s) between stress, the socio-organisational factors which contribute to it, job satisfaction, perceptions of job instability, and the occurrence of unethical behaviour in research. 793 Italian researchers participated in the research-all of whom were working on fixed-term contracts-after being individually requested to complete an online questionnaire. The data indicate that unethical behaviours occur with alarming frequency. The stress level reported is quite high, as is the level of perceived job insecurity, both of which impact upon levels of job satisfaction. Perceived stress levels also seem to play a role in the commission of unethical behaviours, but this relationship is irrelevant when one considers the role of social and organisational factors that are known to induce it. Indeed, it seems that there are various socio-organisational determinants of stress that have an obvious direct negative influence on the commission of unethical behaviours more than the stress level per se. This research paints a worrying picture in relation to the psycho-physical state of non-tenured researchers as a result of the working conditions in which they find themselves in Italian universities.
学术界非终身教职研究人员的压力与不道德行为之间的关系是一个相对未被探索的现象。因此，本研究旨在探讨压力、导致压力的社会组织因素、工作满意度、对工作不稳定的看法以及研究中的不道德行为之间的关系。793 名意大利研究人员在被单独要求完成在线问卷后参与了这项研究-他们都在从事定期合同工作。数据表明，不道德行为的发生频率令人震惊。报告的压力水平相当高，感知到的工作不安全感水平也是如此，这两者都影响到工作满意度水平。感知到的压力水平似乎也在不道德行为的发生中起作用，但当考虑到已知会引起压力的社会和组织因素的作用时，这种关系就不相关了。事实上，似乎有各种社会组织压力决定因素对不道德行为的发生有明显的直接负面影响，而不仅仅是压力水平本身。这项研究描绘了一个令人担忧的画面，涉及到意大利大学中处于工作环境中的非终身教职研究人员的身心状态。
