Wiersma-Mosley Jacquelyn D, Jozkowski Kristen N
School of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
The Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2019 Feb 4;9(2):17. doi: 10.3390/bs9020017.
Violence against women on college campuses continues to be a pervasive public health problem with approximately one in five women experiencing sexual assault and one in nine women experiencing rape while in college. The current study examined relationship and sexual violence among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I universities. Based on previous research, Division I universities seem to report higher rates of sexual assault, but within-group differences have yet to be examined. The data include 1422 four-year private and public institutions with at least 1000 students who submitted Clery data (2014) on rape, domestic and dating violence, and stalking. Division I campuses reported significantly higher reports of violence against women compared to Division II, III, and universities with no athletic programs. There were no differences in violence reported across the three subdivisions within Division I, however, certain conferences reported significantly higher relationship and sexual violence within the football bowl and football championship subdivisions. These findings have important implications for targeting higher risk campuses, such as the Big 10, Big 12, Ivy League, Pac-12, and SEC with much needed sexual assault prevention programs.
大学校园中的女性暴力问题仍然是一个普遍存在的公共卫生问题，大约五分之一的女性在大学期间遭受过性侵犯，九分之一的女性遭受过强奸。当前的研究调查了美国大学体育总会（NCAA）第一分区大学中的恋爱暴力和性暴力情况。根据先前的研究，第一分区的大学似乎报告的性侵犯发生率更高，但组内差异尚未得到研究。数据包括1422所四年制私立和公立机构，这些机构至少有1000名学生提交了关于强奸、家庭暴力、约会暴力和跟踪骚扰的克莱里数据（2014年）。与第二分区、第三分区以及没有体育项目的大学相比，第一分区的校园报告的针对女性的暴力事件明显更多。然而，在第一分区的三个子分区中，报告的暴力事件没有差异，不过某些联盟在橄榄球季后赛分区和橄榄球冠军赛分区报告的恋爱暴力和性暴力事件明显更多。这些发现对于针对高风险校园（如十大联盟、十二大联盟、常春藤联盟、太平洋十二校联盟和东南联盟）开展急需的性侵犯预防项目具有重要意义。
