Çomaklı Selim, Sevim Çiğdem, Kontadakis George, Doğan Elif, Taghizadehghalehjoughi Ali, Özkaraca Mustafa, Aschner Michael, Nikolouzakis Taxiarchis Konstantinos, Tsatsakis Aristides
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Toxicol Rep. 2019 Jan 16;6:155-160. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.01.004. eCollection 2019.
Glufosinate is a common herbicide with neurotoxic effects, leading to seizures, convulsions and memory loss. Glufosinate indirectly induces glutamate toxicity by inhibiting glutamine synthesis in astrocytes. Here, we studied the acute toxic effects of a glufosinate-based herbicide in rat optic nerve at three doses (40, 80 or 120 μM, equal to 714 or 21 mg/kg bw/day). Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, glucose, calcium, as well as creatinine concentrations were analyzed after 24, 48 and 72 h treatment. Intraocular pressure (IOP) (expressed as the average of both eyes) was measured with a rebound tonometer. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and c-Fos expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. The results established that the glufosinate-based herbicide significantly increased IL-1β and c-Fos immunopositivity in the optic nerve (p < 0.05), concomitant with increased IOP. These results suggest that commercial formulations of glufosinate acutely affect the optic nerve.
草铵膦是一种具有神经毒性作用的常见除草剂，可导致癫痫发作、抽搐和记忆丧失。草铵膦通过抑制星形胶质细胞中的谷氨酰胺合成间接诱导谷氨酸毒性。在此，我们研究了一种基于草铵膦的除草剂在三种剂量（40、80或120μM，相当于714或21mg/kg体重/天）下对大鼠视神经的急性毒性作用。在处理24、48和72小时后，分析血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、尿素、葡萄糖、钙以及肌酐浓度。用回弹眼压计测量眼压（IOP）（表示为双眼的平均值）。通过免疫组织化学测定白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和c-Fos表达。结果表明，基于草铵膦的除草剂显著增加了视神经中IL-1β和c-Fos免疫阳性（p<0.05），同时眼压升高。这些结果表明，草铵膦的商业制剂对视神经有急性影响。
