Kotopoulea-Nikolaidi Maria, Watkins Emily, Giannopoulou Ifigeneia
School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom.
Front Nutr. 2019 Jan 22;5:141. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00141. eCollection 2018.
To investigate (a) the acute effect of a bout of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) on mood, cognitive function, and blood pressure in overweight perimenopausal women and (b) to compare the effects of high carbohydrate vs. high protein pre-HIIE feedings on exercise capacity, mood and cognitive function in this population. Twelve, overweight, perimenopausal women (age; 45.5 ± 2.3 years, body fat; 32.2 ± 2.1%) completed a bout of HIIE under 3 pre-exercise feedings (HCHO: high-carbohydrate-low-protein; LCHP: low-carbohydrate-high-protein; control: fasted) in a randomized crossover design. HIIE consisted of 4 intervals of 4 min walking at 85-90% of maximum heart rate and 3 min recovery. Before and after HIIE, the shortened version of the profile of mood state questionnaire, the exercise-induced feeling inventory questionnaire and three cognitive function tests (Stroop test, Shift Stroop test, -back test) were administered. Blood pressure was measured pre- and post-exercise. Following HIIE a performance test to volitional fatigue was conducted. A single bout of HIIE resulted in significant reductions in blood pressure and improvements in cognitive capacity ( < 0.05). Both the HCHO and LCHP feedings led to significantly longer exercise performance compared to CON (422 ± 71 s and 340 ± 46 vs. 240 ± 32 s, respectively, < 0.01), with a 1.22-fold greater increase in performance time in HCHO compared to LCHP, although not statistically significant ( > 0.05). Only the HCHO trial improved total mood disturbance and positive engagement 1 h-post-exercise compared to CON ( < 0.05). HCHO and LCHP improved physical exhaustion and revitalization feelings post-exercise vs. CON ( < 0.01). A single HIIE session improves cognitive function and blood pressure in overweight perimenopausal women. High-carbohydrate pre-HIIE feedings can result in greater enhancements in mood and positive engagement to exercise and may improve exercise performance compared to a high-protein meal.
（a）一次高强度间歇运动（HIIE）对超重围绝经期女性情绪、认知功能和血压的急性影响；（b）比较HIIE前高碳水化合物饮食与高蛋白饮食对该人群运动能力、情绪和认知功能的影响。12名超重围绝经期女性（年龄45.5±2.3岁，体脂32.2±2.1%）采用随机交叉设计，在3种运动前饮食条件下（HCHO：高碳水化合物-低蛋白；LCHP：低碳水化合物-高蛋白；对照组：禁食）完成一次HIIE。HIIE包括4个4分钟的运动间隔，运动强度为最大心率的85-90%，随后3分钟恢复。在HIIE前后，使用情绪状态问卷简版、运动诱发感觉量表问卷以及三项认知功能测试（斯特鲁普测试、转换斯特鲁普测试、n-back测试）进行评估。运动前后测量血压。HIIE后进行至意志性疲劳的运动表现测试。单次HIIE导致血压显著降低和认知能力改善（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，HCHO和LCHP饮食均使运动表现显著延长（分别为422±71秒和340±46秒，对照组为240±32秒，P<0.01），HCHO组的运动时间增加幅度比LCHP组高1.22倍，尽管差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与对照组相比，仅HCHO试验在运动后1小时改善了总情绪紊乱和积极参与度（P<
