Nestlé Research, Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences (NIHS), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Leiden University, 2300, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2019 Mar;63(5):e1800568. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201800568. Epub 2019 Feb 21.
Flexitarian dieting is increasingly associated with health benefits. The study of postprandial metabolic response to vegan and animal diets is essential to decipher how specific diet components may mediate metabolic changes.
A randomized, crossover, controlled vegan versus animal diet challenge is conducted on 21 healthy participants. Postprandial metabolic measurements are conducted at seven timepoints. Area under the curve analysis of the vegan diet response demonstrates higher glucose (EE 0.35), insulin (EE 0.38), triglycerides (EE 0.72), and nine amino acids at breakfast (EE 4.72-209.32); and six lower health-promoting fatty acids at lunch (EE -0.1035 to -0.13) (p < 0.05).
Glycemic and lipid parameters vary irrespective of diet type, demonstrating that vegan and animal meals contain health-promoting and suboptimal nutrient combinations. The vegan breakfast produces the same pattern of elevated branched chain amino acids, insulin, and glucose as the animal diet from the fasting results, reflecting the low protein load in the animal and the higher branched-chain amino acid load of the vegan breakfast. Liberalization of the vegan menu to vegetarian and the animal menu to a Nordic-based diet can result in optimal metabolic signatures for both flexitarian diet strategies in future research.
弹性素食饮食与健康益处越来越相关。研究植物性饮食和动物性饮食的餐后代谢反应对于解析特定饮食成分如何介导代谢变化至关重要。
对 21 名健康参与者进行了一项随机、交叉、对照的植物性饮食与动物性饮食挑战。在七个时间点进行餐后代谢测量。对植物性饮食反应的曲线下面积分析表明，早餐时葡萄糖（EE0.35）、胰岛素（EE0.38）、甘油三酯（EE0.72）和九种氨基酸更高（EE4.72-209.32）；午餐时六种促进健康的脂肪酸较低（EE-0.1035 至-0.13）（p<0.05）。
血糖和血脂参数因饮食类型而异，表明植物性和动物性餐食含有促进健康和营养不均衡的组合。植物性早餐与动物性饮食的空腹结果一样，产生相同的升高支链氨基酸、胰岛素和葡萄糖模式，反映出动物性饮食中的低蛋白质负荷和植物性早餐中较高的支链氨基酸负荷。在未来的研究中，对植物性饮食菜单进行素食化和对动物性饮食菜单进行北欧化，可以为两种弹性素食策略产生最佳的代谢特征。
