Foroud N A, McCormick S P, MacMillan T, Badea A, Kendra D F, Ellis B E, Eudes F
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre, Alberta T1J 4B1.
Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Unit, National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, USDA-ARS, Peoria, IL 61604.
Plant Dis. 2012 Sep;96(9):1271-1279. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-10-11-0863-RE.
The role of Fusarium graminearum trichothecene-chemotypes in disease outcomes was evaluated by point inoculation in a series of wheat lines with different levels of resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Four inocula, each consisting of a composite of four strains with either 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (ADON) chemotypes from "traditional" or emergent populations, a 3-ADON chemotype, or a nivalenol (NIV) chemotype, were compared. The evaluated wheat included Canadian lines with different levels of FHB resistance/susceptibility and double haploid lines developed from crosses of these lines. Highly resistant lines were resistant to infection by all of the F. graminearum chemotypes evaluated. In the moderately susceptible/resistant wheat lines, the 3-ADON producers and the emergent 15-ADON population were, in some instances, more aggressive and resulted in higher Fusarium damaged kernel scores and levels of trichothecene accumulation. The data presented in this study demonstrate the importance of growing highly resistant wheat cultivars in the current climate of an evolving F. graminearum population, and suggest that moderate levels of FHB resistance may not be sufficient to minimize trichothecene contamination of grain from F. graminearum-infected wheat.
通过对一系列对赤霉病（FHB）具有不同抗性水平的小麦品系进行点接种，评估了禾谷镰刀菌单端孢霉烯化学型在病害发生结果中的作用。比较了四种接种物，每种接种物由四种菌株的混合物组成，这些菌株分别具有来自“传统”或新兴群体的15 - 乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（ADON）化学型、3 - ADON化学型或雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）化学型。所评估的小麦包括具有不同FHB抗性/敏感性水平的加拿大品系以及由这些品系杂交产生的双单倍体品系。高抗品系对所有评估的禾谷镰刀菌化学型的感染均具有抗性。在中度易感/抗性小麦品系中，3 - ADON产生菌和新兴的15 - ADON群体在某些情况下更具侵染性，导致更高的镰刀菌损伤粒评分和单端孢霉烯积累水平。本研究提供的数据表明，在当前禾谷镰刀菌群体不断演变的环境中种植高抗小麦品种的重要性，并表明中等水平的FHB抗性可能不足以将受禾谷镰刀菌感染的小麦籽粒中的单端孢霉烯污染降至最低。
