Mueller E E, Groves R L, Gratton C
Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 53706.
Plant Dis. 2012 Apr;96(4):506-514. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0089.
Diseases caused by aphid-transmitted viruses such as Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) have increased in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in the Midwestern United States. Plants immediately surrounding agricultural fields may serve as primary virus inocula for aphids to acquire and transmit to bean crops. The project objectives were to (i) identify potentially important AMV and CMV reservoirs among naturally infected plants and (ii) determine the relationship between the virus inoculum potential (VIP) in adjacent crop field margins and virus incidence in P. vulgaris. From 2006 to 2008, surveys were conducted to quantify the virus incidence and percentage cover (2008 only) of plants present within 5 m of the P. vulgaris crop. In all, 4,350 individual plants representing 44 species were assayed, with overall AMV and CMV incidences averaging 12 and 1.5%, respectively. A VIP index was developed and used to rank the importance of virus-susceptible plants in adjacent field margins. The overall VIP index for AMV in field margins was weakly associated with AMV incidence in P. vulgaris and no relationship was observed between local CMV inoculum and P. vulgaris incidence, suggesting that factors additional to local inoculum sources may influence CMV epidemics in P. vulgaris.
由蚜虫传播的病毒引起的疾病，如苜蓿花叶病毒（AMV）和黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV），在美国中西部的油豆角（菜豆）中有所增加。紧邻农田的植物可能成为蚜虫获取并传播给豆类作物的主要病毒接种源。该项目的目标是：（i）在自然感染的植物中识别潜在重要的AMV和CMV宿主；（ii）确定相邻农田边缘的病毒接种潜力（VIP）与菜豆中病毒发病率之间的关系。2006年至2008年，开展了调查，以量化距菜豆作物5米范围内植物的病毒发病率和覆盖率（仅2008年）。总共检测了代表44个物种的4350株单株植物，总体AMV和CMV发病率分别平均为12%和1.5%。开发了一个VIP指数，用于对相邻田边易感病毒植物的重要性进行排名。田边AMV的总体VIP指数与菜豆中AMV发病率的相关性较弱，且未观察到当地CMV接种量与菜豆发病率之间的关系，这表明除了当地接种源之外的因素可能会影响菜豆中CMV的流行。
