Liu T G, Chen W Q
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193.
Plant Dis. 2012 Nov;96(11):1601-1607. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-10-0460-RE.
Wheat leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is an important foliar disease of wheat in China. The dynamics of races and virulence in P. triticina populations in China during 2000 to 2006 were studied. Leaf rust samples were collected during surveys of wheat fields and trap nurseries in 16 provinces, and provided by coworkers throughout China. The virulence of single-pustule isolates was determined on near-isogenic Thatcher lines for leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lr16, Lr24, Lr26, Lr3ka, Lr11, Lr17, and Lr30, and races were denominated using the Prt code system. During 2000 to 2006, 79 races were identified from a total of 613 isolates. Races PHT (23.7%), THT (14.7%), PHJ (11.4%), and THJ (4.2%) were the four common races, all avirulent to Lr9 and Lr24. The frequency of isolates with virulence to Lr1, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr11, Lr16, Lr17, and Lr26 was over 80%, and these isolates were widely distributed in China, whereas the frequencies of virulence to Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, and Lr29 were 0.2 to 2.5%. The diversity of virulence phenotypes of Chinese P. triticina populations appeared to increase from 2000 to 2006. P. triticina races and virulences in China appear to be isolated from those in other countries.
由小麦叶锈菌（Puccinia triticina）引起的小麦叶锈病是中国小麦的一种重要叶部病害。对2000年至2006年期间中国小麦叶锈菌群体的生理小种和毒性动态进行了研究。在对16个省份的麦田和诱捕圃进行调查期间采集叶锈病样本，并由中国各地的同事提供。在携带叶锈病抗性基因Lr1、Lr2a、Lr2c、Lr3、Lr9、Lr16、Lr24、Lr26、Lr3ka、Lr11、Lr17和Lr30的近等基因系Thatcher上测定单疱锈菌分离株的毒性，并使用Prt编码系统命名生理小种。在2000年至2006年期间，从总共613个分离株中鉴定出79个生理小种。PHT（23.7%）、THT（14.7%）、PHJ（11.4%）和THJ（4.2%）是四个常见生理小种，对Lr9和Lr24均无毒性。对Lr1、Lr2c、Lr3、Lr11、Lr16、Lr17和Lr26有毒性的分离株频率超过80%，这些分离株在中国广泛分布，而对Lr9、Lr19、Lr24、Lr25、Lr28和Lr29有毒性的频率为0.2%至2.5%。2000年至2006年期间，中国小麦叶锈菌群体毒性表型的多样性似乎有所增加。中国的小麦叶锈菌生理小种和毒性似乎与其他国家的不同。
