Park Sun Hee, Eber Matthew Robert, Shiozawa Yusuke
Department of Cancer Biology and Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1914:295-308. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8997-3_16.
More than 80% of patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) experience bone metastasis, which negatively impacts overall survival and patient quality of life. Various mouse models have been used to study the mechanisms of bone metastasis over the years; however, there is currently no model that fully recapitulates what happens in humans because bone metastasis rarely occurs in spontaneous PCa mouse models. Nevertheless, animal models of bone metastasis using several different tumor inoculation routes have been developed to help study bone metastatic progression, which occurs particularly in late-stage PCa patients. This chapter describes the protocols commonly used to develop models of bone metastatic cancer in mice using different percutaneous injection methods (Intracardiac and Intraosseous). These models are useful for understanding the molecular mechanisms of bone metastatic progression, including tumor tissue tropism and tumor growth within the bone marrow microenvironment. Better understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes will clearly lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for PCa patients with bone metastases.
超过80%的晚期前列腺癌（PCa）患者会发生骨转移，这对总生存期和患者生活质量产生负面影响。多年来，人们使用了各种小鼠模型来研究骨转移的机制；然而，目前尚无一种模型能完全重现人类体内发生的情况，因为骨转移在自发性PCa小鼠模型中很少发生。尽管如此，人们已开发出使用几种不同肿瘤接种途径的骨转移动物模型，以帮助研究骨转移进展，这种情况尤其发生在晚期PCa患者中。本章描述了使用不同经皮注射方法（心内注射和骨内注射）在小鼠中建立骨转移性癌模型的常用方案。这些模型有助于理解骨转移进展的分子机制，包括肿瘤组织嗜性和骨髓微环境内的肿瘤生长。更好地理解这些过程中涉及的机制将明确地推动针对有骨转移的PCa患者开发新的治疗策略。
