Ojuawo O B, Aladesanmi A O, Opeyemi C M, Desalu O O, Fawibe A E, Salami A K
Pulmonology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Feb;22(2):221-226. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_344_18.
The most recognized risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) worldwide is cigarette smoking. However, recent surveys have revealed an increasing trend from nonsmoking causes especially from biomass exposure. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the proportion of patients and the clinical pattern of COPD among never-smokers in Ilorin.
This is a retrospective study in which case records of patients with clinical diagnosis of COPD from January 2013 to December 2017 were reviewed. Data were collected with respect to their sociodemographic characteristics, clinical details, comorbid illnesses, and severity of the disease.
A total of 135 case records of patients with COPD were reviewed, of which 66 had spirometric confirmation of the disease. In all, 38 (57.6%) of them were never-smokers with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.1. The mean age of the subjects was 64.5 ± 11.7 years. Cough and exertional dyspnea were the most common symptoms (89.5% each), and systemic hypertension was the most common comorbid illness. Firewood exposure constituted the most common nonsmoking risk factor (47.4%), and the majority of the patients had mild COPD. When compared with ever-smokers, the mean post bronchodilator lung function parameters were found to be significantly better in never-smokers.
Over half of COPD cases in Ilorin were never-smokers with firewood exposure as the main risk factor. This study has further highlighted the need for increased awareness of the hazards of biomass fuel exposure in our setting.
在全球范围内，慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）最广为人知的风险因素是吸烟。然而，最近的调查显示，非吸烟原因导致的COPD发病趋势有所增加，尤其是生物质暴露。因此，本研究旨在确定伊洛林地区从不吸烟者中COPD患者的比例及其临床特征。
这是一项回顾性研究，回顾了2013年1月至2017年12月临床诊断为COPD患者的病历。收集了患者的社会人口学特征、临床细节、合并疾病及疾病严重程度等数据。
共回顾了135例COPD患者的病历，其中66例经肺功能检查确诊。其中，38例（57.6%）为从不吸烟者，男女比例为1:1.1。研究对象的平均年龄为64.5±11.7岁。咳嗽和劳力性呼吸困难是最常见的症状（各占89.5%），系统性高血压是最常见的合并疾病。接触木柴是最常见的非吸烟风险因素（47.4%），大多数患者为轻度COPD。与曾经吸烟者相比，从不吸烟者支气管扩张剂后的平均肺功能参数明显更好。
伊洛林地区超过一半的COPD病例为从不吸烟者，主要风险因素是接触木柴。本研究进一步强调了在我们的环境中提高对生物质燃料暴露危害认识的必要性。
