γ 射线辐照降解壳聚糖在促进马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）生长和诱导抗逆性中的应用。
Gamma radiation degradation of chitosan for application in growth promotion and induction of stress tolerance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.).
机构信息
University Institute of Chemical Technology, North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, 425001, India.
Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Section, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk.), Pune, 412307, India.
出版信息
Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Apr 15;210:289-301. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.056. Epub 2019 Jan 18.
Oligo-chitosan (82.20 kDa) was prepared from chitosan (337.73 kDa) by application of 100 kGy γ-irradiation. UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, DSC and TGA analyses showed typical properties of chitosan with slight variations after γ-irradiation. Degree of deacetylation of chitosan and oligo-chitosan was 82%, while 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrzyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) radical scavenging activity were 10.01 ± 0.18 and 43.30 ± 3.75 μMTE/mL and 13.64 ± 0.16 and 79.93 ± 4.44 μMTE/mL, respectively. Chitosan and oligo-chitosan was applied as foliar spray on potato plants to analyze growth promoting and stress tolerance inducing effects. Improvement in shoot height and number of nodes was observed after foliar spray of chitosan and oligo-chitosan at 50-75 mg/L. Furthermore, membrane stability index and malondialdehyde reduced while chlorophyll, carotenoids, proline, reducing and total sugars, enhanced considerably. The antioxidant and defense enzymes CAT, POD, SOD, chitinase and chitosanase showed prominent increment. Overall results indicated that chitosan (75 mg/L) and oligo-chitosan (50 mg/L) can augment plant growth and induce defense mechanism for drought stress tolerance in potato.
寡聚壳聚糖（82.20 kDa）由壳聚糖（337.73 kDa）经 100 kGy γ-射线辐照制备而成。紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X 射线衍射、差示扫描量热法和热重分析表明，壳聚糖在γ-辐照后具有典型的性质，略有变化。壳聚糖和寡聚壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为 82%，而 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼基和 2,2'-联氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）自由基清除活性分别为 10.01 ± 0.18 和 43.30 ± 3.75 μMTE/mL，13.64 ± 0.16 和 79.93 ± 4.44 μMTE/mL。壳聚糖和寡聚壳聚糖作为叶面喷雾应用于马铃薯植株，以分析其促进生长和诱导抗胁迫的作用。在 50-75 mg/L 时，壳聚糖和寡聚壳聚糖叶面喷雾后，株高和节数增加。此外，膜稳定性指数和丙二醛降低，而叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、脯氨酸、还原糖和总糖显著增加。抗氧化和防御酶 CAT、POD、SOD、几丁质酶和壳聚糖酶显著增加。总体结果表明，壳聚糖（75 mg/L）和寡聚壳聚糖（50 mg/L）可以促进马铃薯的生长，诱导防御机制，提高其对干旱胁迫的抗性。
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