Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, USA.
Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.
Lifetime Data Anal. 2020 Jan;26(1):134-157. doi: 10.1007/s10985-019-09466-0. Epub 2019 Feb 8.
In large prospective cohort studies, accumulation of covariate information and follow-up data make up the majority of the cost involved in the study. This might lead to the study being infeasible when there are some expensive variables and/or the event is rare. Prentice (Biometrika 73(1):1-11, 1986) proposed the case-cohort study for time to event data to tackle this problem. There has been extensive research on the analysis of univariate and clustered failure time data, where the clusters are formed among different individuals under case-cohort sampling scheme. However, recurrent event data are quite common in biomedical and public health research. In this paper, we propose case-cohort sampling schemes for recurrent events. We consider a multiplicative rates model for the recurrent events and propose a weighted estimating equations approach for parameter estimation. We show that the estimators are consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. The proposed estimator performed well in finite samples in our simulation studies. For illustration purposes, we examined the association between prior occurrence of measles on acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) among young children in Brazil.
在大型前瞻性队列研究中，协变量信息的积累和随访数据构成了研究中涉及的大部分成本。当存在一些昂贵的变量和/或事件罕见时，这可能导致研究不可行。Prentice（Biometrika 73(1):1-11, 1986）提出了针对事件时间数据的病例-队列研究来解决这个问题。已经有大量关于单变量和聚类失效时间数据的分析研究，其中聚类是在病例-队列抽样方案下不同个体之间形成的。然而，在生物医学和公共卫生研究中，复发性事件数据非常常见。在本文中，我们提出了复发性事件的病例-队列抽样方案。我们考虑了复发性事件的乘法率模型，并提出了一种加权估计方程方法来进行参数估计。我们证明了估计量是一致的，并且渐近正态分布。在我们的模拟研究中，该估计器在有限样本中表现良好。为了说明问题，我们研究了巴西幼儿麻疹对急性下呼吸道感染（ALRI）的影响。
