Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2019 Feb;127(2):27001. doi: 10.1289/EHP1229.
Recent evidence suggests that higher levels of residential greenness may contribute to better mental health. Despite this, few studies have considered its impact on depression, and most are cross-sectional.
The objective of this study was to examine surrounding residential greenness and depression risk prospectively in the Nurses' Health Study.
A total of 38,947 women (mean age throughout follow-up 70 y [range 54–91 y]) without depression in 2000 were followed to 2010. Residential greenness was measured using the satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and defined as the mean greenness value within [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] radii of the women's residences in July of each year. Incidence of depression was defined according to the first self-report of either physician-diagnosed depression or regular antidepressant use. We used Cox proportional hazards models to examine the relationship between greenness and depression incidence and assessed physical activity as a potential effect modifier and mediator.
Over 315,548 person-years, 3,612 incident depression cases occurred. In multivariable-adjusted models, living in the highest quintile of residential greenness within [Formula: see text] was associated with a 13% reduction in depression risk ([Formula: see text] [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 0.98]) compared with the lowest quintile. The association between greenness and depression did not appear to be mediated by physical activity, nor was there evidence of effect modification by physical activity.
In this population of mostly white women, we estimated an inverse association between the highest level of surrounding summer greenness and the risk of self-reported depression. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP1229.
最近的证据表明，较高的居住绿化水平可能有助于改善心理健康。尽管如此，很少有研究考虑其对抑郁症的影响，而且大多数研究都是横断面的。
本研究旨在前瞻性地研究护士健康研究中周围居住绿化与抑郁风险的关系。
共有 38947 名女性（整个随访期间的平均年龄为 70 岁[范围为 54-91 岁]）在 2000 年无抑郁，随访至 2010 年。使用基于卫星的归一化差异植被指数（NDVI）测量居住绿化水平，定义为每年 7 月女性住所内[Formula: see text]和[Formula: see text]半径范围内的平均绿化值。抑郁症的发生根据医生诊断的抑郁症或定期使用抗抑郁药的首次自我报告来定义。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型来研究绿化与抑郁发生之间的关系，并评估体力活动作为潜在的效应修饰剂和中介。
在 315548 人年的随访中，发生了 3612 例抑郁事件。在多变量调整模型中，与最低五分位相比，居住在[Formula: see text]内绿化水平最高的五分位与抑郁风险降低 13%相关（[Formula: see text] [95%置信区间（CI）：0.78，0.98]）。绿化与抑郁之间的关联似乎不是由体力活动介导的，也没有证据表明体力活动对其有调节作用。
在这个以白人女性为主的人群中，我们估计周围夏季绿化水平最高与自我报告的抑郁风险呈负相关。
