Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Centro de Investigacións Mariñas, Xunta de Galicia, Pedras de Corón s/n Apdo 13, 36620 Vilanova de Arousa, Spain.
Toxins (Basel). 2019 Feb 6;11(2):97. doi: 10.3390/toxins11020097.
Some species of the genus produce the toxin domoic acid, which causes amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP). Given that bivalve mollusks are filter feeders, they can accumulate these toxins in their tissues. To elucidate the transcriptional response of the queen scallop after exposure to domoic acid-producing , the digestive gland transcriptome was de novo assembled using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Then, a differential gene expression analysis was performed. After the assembly, 142,137 unigenes were obtained, and a total of 10,144 genes were differentially expressed in the groups exposed to the toxin. Functional enrichment analysis found that 374 Pfam (protein families database) domains were significantly enriched. The C1q domain, the C-type lectin, the major facilitator superfamily, the immunoglobulin domain, and the cytochrome P450 were among the most enriched Pfam domains. Protein network analysis showed a small number of highly connected nodes involved in specific functions: proteasome components, mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, protein translocases of mitochondrial membranes, cytochromes P450, and glutathione S-transferases. The results suggest that exposure to domoic acid-producing organisms causes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The transcriptional response counteracts these effects with the up-regulation of genes coding for some mitochondrial proteins, proteasome components, and antioxidant enzymes (glutathione S-transferases, thioredoxins, glutaredoxins, and copper/zinc superoxide dismutases).
某些属的物种会产生软骨藻酸毒素，这种毒素会导致健忘贝类中毒（ASP）。由于双壳类软体动物是滤食性动物，它们可以在组织中积累这些毒素。为了阐明皇后扇贝在暴露于产软骨藻酸的后转录组的反应，使用 Illumina HiSeq 2000 平台对消化腺转录组进行从头组装。然后进行差异基因表达分析。组装后，获得了 142,137 个 unigenes，在暴露于毒素的组中，共有 10,144 个基因表达差异。功能富集分析发现 374 个 Pfam（蛋白质家族数据库）结构域显著富集。C1q 结构域、C 型凝集素、主要易化因子超家族、免疫球蛋白结构域和细胞色素 P450 是最富集的 Pfam 结构域之一。蛋白质网络分析显示，少数高度连接的节点涉及特定功能：蛋白酶体成分、线粒体核糖体蛋白、线粒体膜蛋白转位酶、细胞色素 P450 和谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶。结果表明，暴露于产软骨藻酸的生物会导致氧化应激和线粒体功能障碍。转录组反应通过上调编码一些线粒体蛋白、蛋白酶体成分和抗氧化酶（谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶、硫氧还蛋白、谷胱甘肽还原酶和铜/锌超氧化物歧化酶）的基因来对抗这些影响。
