Rashid Mohammed H, Stevenson Mark A, Vaughan Jane L, Saeed Muhammad A, Campbell Angus J D, Beveridge Ian, Jabbar Abdul
Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria 3030, Australia.
Cria Genesis, PO Box 406, Ocean Grove, Victoria, 3226, Australia.
Parasitol Res. 2019 Mar;118(3):901-911. doi: 10.1007/s00436-019-06236-7. Epub 2019 Feb 9.
We conducted a longitudinal survey on 13 alpaca farms in four climatic zones of Australia to understand the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) of alpacas. A total of 1688 fresh faecal samples were collected from both sexes of alpacas from May 2015 to April 2016 and processed for faecal egg counts (FEC) and molecular identification of eggs using the multiplexed-tandem PCR assay. Based on egg morphology, the overall prevalence of GINs was 61% while that for strongyles was 53%. The overall mean FEC was 168 eggs per gram (EPG) of faeces, with the highest count of 15,540 EPG. Weaners had the highest prevalence (73%) and mean FEC (295 EPG) of GINs followed by tuis, crias and adults. Alpacas in the winter rainfall zone had the highest prevalence (68%) as well as FEC (266 EPG) followed by Mediterranean-type, non-seasonal and summer rainfall zones. Trichostrongylus spp. (83%, 89/107), Haemonchus spp. (71%, 76/107) and Camelostrongylus mentulatus (63%, 67/107) were the three most common GINs of alpacas across all climatic zones. The mixed-effects zero-inflated negative binomial regression model used in this study showed that it could help to design parasite control interventions targeted at both the herd level and the individual alpaca level. The findings of this study showed that the epidemiology of GINs of alpacas is very similar to those of cattle and sheep, and careful attention should be paid when designing control strategies for domestic ruminants co-grazing with alpacas.
我们对澳大利亚四个气候区的13个羊驼养殖场进行了一项纵向调查，以了解羊驼胃肠道线虫（GINs）的流行病学情况。2015年5月至2016年4月期间，共从羊驼的雌雄个体中采集了1688份新鲜粪便样本，并对其进行粪便虫卵计数（FEC）处理，同时使用多重串联PCR检测法对虫卵进行分子鉴定。根据虫卵形态，GINs的总体感染率为61%，而圆线虫的感染率为53%。粪便中GINs的总体平均虫卵计数为每克粪便168个虫卵（EPG），最高计数为15540 EPG。断奶羊驼的GINs感染率最高（73%），平均FEC（295 EPG）次之，其次是育成羊、幼羊和成年羊。冬季降雨区的羊驼感染率最高（68%），FEC也最高（266 EPG），其次是地中海型、非季节性和夏季降雨区。在所有气候区，毛圆线虫属（83%，89/107）、血矛线虫属（71%，76/107）和有齿驼形线虫（63%，67/107）是羊驼三种最常见的GINs。本研究中使用的混合效应零膨胀负二项回归模型表明，它有助于设计针对畜群水平和个体羊驼水平的寄生虫控制干预措施。本研究结果表明，羊驼GINs的流行病学情况与牛和羊非常相似，在设计与羊驼共同放牧的家养反刍动物的控制策略时应予以密切关注。
