School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
School of Environment and Technology, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK.
Water Res. 2019 Apr 15;153:324-334. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.028. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
The aim of this study was to develop and test a non-diffusion limited, high cell density bioreactor for biodegradation of various phenol derivatives. The bioreactor was obtained using a straightforward one-step preparation method using cryostructuration and direct cross-linking of bacteria into a 3D structured (sponge-like) macroporous cryogel composite material consisting of 11.6% (by mass) cells and 1.2-1.7% polymer, with approximately 87% water (in the material pores). The macroporous cryogel composite material, composed of live bacteria, has pore sizes in the range of 20-150 μm (confirmed by SEM and Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy). The enzymatic activity of bacteria within the cryogel structure and the effect of freezing on the viability of the cross-linked cells was estimated by MTT assay. Cryogels based on Pseudomonas mendocina, Rhodococcus koreensis and Acinetobacter radioresistens were exploited for the effective bioremediation of phenol and m-cresol, and to a lesser extent 2-chlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol, utilising these phenolic contaminants in water as their only source of carbon. For evaluation of treatment scalability the bioreactors were prepared in plastic "Kaldnes" carriers to improve their mechanical properties and allow application in batch or fluidised bed water treatment modes.
本研究旨在开发和测试一种非扩散限制、高细胞密度的生物反应器，用于降解各种酚类衍生物。该生物反应器采用简单的一步法制备，通过冷冻结晶和细菌的直接交联，将细菌固定在三维结构（海绵状）的大孔冷冻凝胶复合基质中，其中细胞含量为 11.6%（质量分数），聚合物含量为 1.2-1.7%，含水量约为 87%（材料孔隙中）。由活细菌组成的大孔冷冻凝胶复合材料的孔径范围为 20-150μm（通过 SEM 和激光扫描共聚焦显微镜确认）。通过 MTT 测定法评估了冷冻凝胶结构中细菌的酶活性和冷冻对交联细胞活力的影响。利用假单胞菌（Pseudomonas mendocina）、红球菌（Rhodococcus koreensis）和耐辐射不动杆菌（Acinetobacter radioresistens）的冷冻凝胶，有效地对苯酚和间甲酚进行生物修复，对 2-氯苯酚和 4-氯苯酚的降解效果则稍差，这些酚类污染物可作为唯一的碳源被利用。为了评估处理的可扩展性，将生物反应器制备在塑料“Kaldnes”载体中，以提高其机械性能，并允许在批处理或流化床水处理模式中应用。
