Laboratory of Signaling Systems, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
Plant Cell Rep. 2019 Jun;38(6):681-698. doi: 10.1007/s00299-019-02395-0. Epub 2019 Feb 9.
The study of the effects of auxins on potato tuberization corresponds to one of the oldest experimental systems in plant biology, which has remained relevant for over 70 years. However, only recently, in the postgenomic era, the role of auxin in tuber formation and other vital processes in potatoes has begun to emerge. This review describes the main results obtained over the entire period of auxin-potato research, including the effects of exogenous auxin; the content and dynamics of endogenous auxins; the effects of manipulating endogenous auxin content; the molecular mechanisms of auxin signaling, transport and inactivation; the role and position of auxin among other tuberigenic factors; the effects of auxin on tuber dormancy; the prospects for auxin use in potato biotechnology. Special attention is paid to recent insights into auxin function in potato tuberization and stress resistance. Taken together, the data discussed here leave no doubt on the important role of auxin in potato tuberization, particularly in the processes of tuber initiation, growth and sprouting. A new integrative model for the stage-dependent auxin action on tuberization is presented. In addition, auxin is shown to differentially affects the potato resistance to biotrophic and necrotrophic biopathogens. Thus, the modern auxin biology opens up new perspectives for further biotechnological improvement of potato crops.
生长素对马铃薯块茎形成的影响的研究是植物生物学中最古老的实验系统之一，该系统已经有 70 多年的历史了。然而，直到最近，在后基因组时代，生长素在块茎形成和马铃薯中其他重要过程中的作用才开始显现。这篇综述描述了在整个生长素-马铃薯研究期间获得的主要结果，包括外源生长素的影响；内源性生长素的含量和动态；操纵内源性生长素含量的影响；生长素信号转导、运输和失活的分子机制；生长素在其他块茎形成因子中的作用和位置；生长素对块茎休眠的影响；生长素在马铃薯生物技术中的应用前景。特别关注生长素在马铃薯块茎形成和抗逆性方面的最新功能见解。综上所述，这里讨论的数据毫无疑问地证明了生长素在马铃薯块茎形成中的重要作用，特别是在块茎起始、生长和萌芽的过程中。提出了一个生长素对块茎形成作用的阶段性综合模型。此外，生长素对马铃薯抵抗生物亲和性和坏死性生物病原体的抗性表现出差异影响。因此，现代生长素生物学为进一步提高马铃薯作物的生物技术提供了新的前景。
